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Claude Sonnet 3.5 - Fill-in: requests

Failed to run pytests for test tests

/testbed/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/httpbin/helpers.py:32: SyntaxWarning: invalid escape sequence '\_'
  ASCII_ART = """
/testbed/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/httpbin/helpers.py:77: SyntaxWarning: invalid escape sequence '\ '
  ANGRY_ASCII ="""
/testbed/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/httpbin/helpers.py:444: SyntaxWarning: invalid escape sequence '\s'
  match = re.search('\s*(W/)?\"?([^"]*)\"?\s*', part)
ImportError while loading conftest '/testbed/tests/conftest.py'.
tests/conftest.py:12: in <module>
    from requests.compat import urljoin
src/requests/__init__.py:164: in <module>
    from .api import delete, get, head, options, patch, post, put, request
src/requests/api.py:10: in <module>
    from . import sessions
src/requests/sessions.py:14: in <module>
    from .adapters import HTTPAdapter
E     File "/testbed/src/requests/adapters.py", line 34
E       if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
E       ^^
E   IndentationError: expected an indented block after 'except' statement on line 33

Patch diff

diff --git a/src/requests/_internal_utils.py b/src/requests/_internal_utils.py
index 4342cd14..1712c808 100644
--- a/src/requests/_internal_utils.py
+++ b/src/requests/_internal_utils.py
@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@ def to_native_string(string, encoding='ascii'):
     that string in the native string type, encoding and decoding where
     necessary. This assumes ASCII unless told otherwise.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(string, builtin_str):
+        return string
+    if isinstance(string, bytes):
+        return string.decode(encoding)
+    return string.encode(encoding).decode(encoding)


 def unicode_is_ascii(u_string):
@@ -33,4 +37,4 @@ def unicode_is_ascii(u_string):
         and not Python 2 `str`.
     :rtype: bool
     """
-    pass
+    return all(ord(c) < 128 for c in u_string)
diff --git a/src/requests/adapters.py b/src/requests/adapters.py
index 57d9ddf8..85f70894 100644
--- a/src/requests/adapters.py
+++ b/src/requests/adapters.py
@@ -143,7 +143,13 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :param block: Block when no free connections are available.
         :param pool_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to initialize the Pool Manager.
         """
-        pass
+        self.poolmanager = PoolManager(
+            num_pools=connections,
+            maxsize=maxsize,
+            block=block,
+            strict=True,
+            **pool_kwargs
+        )

     def proxy_manager_for(self, proxy, **proxy_kwargs):
         """Return urllib3 ProxyManager for the given proxy.
@@ -157,7 +163,36 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :returns: ProxyManager
         :rtype: urllib3.ProxyManager
         """
-        pass
+        if proxy in self.proxy_manager:
+            return self.proxy_manager[proxy]
+
+        proxy_headers = self.proxy_headers(proxy)
+        if proxy_headers:
+            proxy_kwargs['proxy_headers'] = proxy_kwargs.get('proxy_headers', {})
+            proxy_kwargs['proxy_headers'].update(proxy_headers)
+
+        if proxy.lower().startswith('socks'):
+            username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+            manager = SOCKSProxyManager(
+                proxy,
+                username=username,
+                password=password,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs
+            )
+        else:
+            manager = proxy_from_url(
+                proxy,
+                num_pools=self._pool_connections,
+                maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
+                block=self._pool_block,
+                **proxy_kwargs
+            )
+
+        self.proxy_manager[proxy] = manager
+        return manager

     def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
         """Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user
@@ -171,7 +206,22 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
             to a CA bundle to use
         :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(verify, str):
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
+            conn.ca_certs = verify
+        elif verify is False:
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
+            conn.ca_certs = None
+        else:
+            conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
+            conn.ca_certs = DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH
+
+        if cert:
+            if isinstance(cert, str):
+                conn.cert_file = cert
+            else:
+                conn.cert_file = cert[0]
+                conn.key_file = cert[1]

     def build_response(self, req, resp):
         """Builds a :class:`Response <requests.Response>` object from a urllib3
@@ -183,7 +233,32 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :param resp: The urllib3 response object.
         :rtype: requests.Response
         """
-        pass
+        response = Response()
+
+        # Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason.
+        response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None)
+
+        # Make headers case-insensitive.
+        response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {}))
+
+        # Set encoding.
+        response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
+        response.raw = resp
+        response.reason = response.raw.reason
+
+        if isinstance(req.url, bytes):
+            response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8')
+        else:
+            response.url = req.url
+
+        # Add new cookies from the server.
+        extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp)
+
+        # Give the Response some context.
+        response.request = req
+        response.connection = self
+
+        return response

     def build_connection_pool_key_attributes(self, request, verify, cert=None):
         """Build the PoolKey attributes used by urllib3 to return a connection.
@@ -270,7 +345,18 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request.
         :rtype: urllib3.ConnectionPool
         """
-        pass
+        warnings.warn(
+            "get_connection is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. "
+            "Please use get_connection_with_tls_context instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning
+        )
+        proxy = select_proxy(url, proxies)
+
+        if proxy:
+            proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, 'http')
+            return self.proxy_manager_for(proxy)
+
+        return self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url)

     def close(self):
         """Disposes of any internal state.
@@ -278,7 +364,10 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         Currently, this closes the PoolManager and any active ProxyManager,
         which closes any pooled connections.
         """
-        pass
+        self.poolmanager.clear()
+        for proxy in self.proxy_manager.values():
+            proxy.clear()
+        self.proxy_manager.clear()

     def request_url(self, request, proxies):
         """Obtain the url to use when making the final request.
@@ -294,7 +383,13 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs.
         :rtype: str
         """
-        pass
+        proxy = select_proxy(request.url, proxies)
+        scheme = urlparse(request.url).scheme
+
+        if proxy and scheme != 'https':
+            return request.url
+        else:
+            return request.path_url

     def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs):
         """Add any headers needed by the connection. As of v2.0 this does
@@ -323,7 +418,13 @@ class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
         :param proxy: The url of the proxy being used for this request.
         :rtype: dict
         """
-        pass
+        headers = {}
+        username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
+
+        if username and password:
+            headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username, password)
+
+        return headers

     def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=
         None, proxies=None):
diff --git a/src/requests/auth.py b/src/requests/auth.py
index f08aecf6..c7fddca4 100644
--- a/src/requests/auth.py
+++ b/src/requests/auth.py
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ CONTENT_TYPE_MULTI_PART = 'multipart/form-data'

 def _basic_auth_str(username, password):
     """Returns a Basic Auth string."""
-    pass
+    auth = f"{username}:{password}"
+    return f"Basic {b64encode(auth.encode('utf-8')).decode('ascii')}"


 class AuthBase:
@@ -72,11 +73,92 @@ class HTTPDigestAuth(AuthBase):
         """
         :rtype: str
         """
-        pass
+        realm = self._thread_local.chal['realm']
+        nonce = self._thread_local.chal['nonce']
+        qop = self._thread_local.chal.get('qop')
+        algorithm = self._thread_local.chal.get('algorithm')
+        opaque = self._thread_local.chal.get('opaque')
+
+        if algorithm is None:
+            _algorithm = 'MD5'
+        else:
+            _algorithm = algorithm.upper()
+        
+        if _algorithm == 'MD5' or _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
+            def md5_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = md5_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA':
+            def sha_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha1(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-256':
+            def sha256_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha256(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha256_utf8
+        elif _algorithm == 'SHA-512':
+            def sha512_utf8(x):
+                if isinstance(x, str):
+                    x = x.encode('utf-8')
+                return hashlib.sha512(x).hexdigest()
+            hash_utf8 = sha512_utf8
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unsupported algorithm: {_algorithm}")
+
+        KD = lambda s, d: hash_utf8(f"{s}:{d}")
+
+        if hash_utf8 is None:
+            return None
+
+        entdig = None
+        p_parsed = urlparse(url)
+        path = p_parsed.path or "/"
+        if p_parsed.query:
+            path += f"?{p_parsed.query}"
+
+        A1 = f"{self.username}:{realm}:{self.password}"
+        A2 = f"{method}:{path}"
+
+        HA1 = hash_utf8(A1)
+        HA2 = hash_utf8(A2)
+
+        if qop is None:
+            respdig = KD(HA1, f"{nonce}:{HA2}")
+        elif qop == 'auth' or 'auth' in qop.split(','):
+            nc = f"{self._thread_local.nonce_count:08x}"
+            cnonce = self._thread_local.cnonce
+            noncebit = f"{nonce}:{nc}:{cnonce}:{qop}"
+            respdig = KD(HA1, f"{noncebit}:{HA2}")
+        else:
+            return None
+
+        self._thread_local.nonce_count += 1
+
+        base = (f'username="{self.username}", realm="{realm}", nonce="{nonce}", '
+                f'uri="{path}", response="{respdig}"')
+        if opaque:
+            base += f', opaque="{opaque}"'
+        if algorithm:
+            base += f', algorithm="{algorithm}"'
+        if entdig:
+            base += f', digest="{entdig}"'
+        if qop:
+            base += f', qop="{qop}"'
+        if 'auth' in qop.split(','):
+            base += f', nc={nc}, cnonce="{cnonce}"'
+
+        return f'Digest {base}'

     def handle_redirect(self, r, **kwargs):
         """Reset num_401_calls counter on redirects."""
-        pass
+        if r.is_redirect:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1

     def handle_401(self, r, **kwargs):
         """
@@ -84,7 +166,35 @@ class HTTPDigestAuth(AuthBase):

         :rtype: requests.Response
         """
-        pass
+        if r.status_code != 401:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+            return r
+
+        s_auth = r.headers.get('www-authenticate', '')
+
+        if 'digest' in s_auth.lower() and self._thread_local.num_401_calls < 2:
+            self._thread_local.num_401_calls += 1
+            pat = re.compile(r'digest ', flags=re.IGNORECASE)
+            self._thread_local.chal = parse_dict_header(pat.sub('', s_auth, count=1))
+
+            # Consume content and release the original connection
+            # to allow our new request to reuse the same one.
+            r.content
+            r.close()
+            prep = r.request.copy()
+            extract_cookies_to_jar(prep._cookies, r.request, r.raw)
+            prep.prepare_cookies(prep._cookies)
+
+            prep.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(
+                prep.method, prep.url)
+            _r = r.connection.send(prep, **kwargs)
+            _r.history.append(r)
+            _r.request = prep
+
+            return _r
+
+        self._thread_local.num_401_calls = 1
+        return r

     def __call__(self, r):
         self.init_per_thread_state()
diff --git a/src/requests/compat.py b/src/requests/compat.py
index d4d04060..f792e4a5 100644
--- a/src/requests/compat.py
+++ b/src/requests/compat.py
@@ -12,7 +12,15 @@ import sys

 def _resolve_char_detection():
     """Find supported character detection libraries."""
-    pass
+    try:
+        import charset_normalizer
+        return charset_normalizer
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            import chardet
+            return chardet
+        except ImportError:
+            return None


 chardet = _resolve_char_detection()
diff --git a/src/requests/cookies.py b/src/requests/cookies.py
index 6392b7bc..4079fe6d 100644
--- a/src/requests/cookies.py
+++ b/src/requests/cookies.py
@@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ def extract_cookies_to_jar(jar, request, response):
     :param request: our own requests.Request object
     :param response: urllib3.HTTPResponse object
     """
-    pass
+    if not (hasattr(response, '_original_response') and
+            hasattr(response._original_response, 'msg')):
+        return
+    req = MockRequest(request)
+    # the _original_response field is the wrapped httplib.HTTPResponse object
+    res = MockResponse(response._original_response.msg)
+    jar.extract_cookies(res, req)


 def get_cookie_header(jar, request):
@@ -70,7 +76,9 @@ def get_cookie_header(jar, request):

     :rtype: str
     """
-    pass
+    r = MockRequest(request)
+    jar.add_cookie_header(r)
+    return r.get_new_headers().get('Cookie')


 def remove_cookie_by_name(cookiejar, name, domain=None, path=None):
@@ -78,7 +86,18 @@ def remove_cookie_by_name(cookiejar, name, domain=None, path=None):

     Wraps CookieJar.clear(), is O(n).
     """
-    pass
+    clearables = []
+    for cookie in cookiejar:
+        if cookie.name != name:
+            continue
+        if domain is not None and domain != cookie.domain:
+            continue
+        if path is not None and path != cookie.path:
+            continue
+        clearables.append((cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name))
+
+    for domain, path, name in clearables:
+        cookiejar.clear(domain, path, name)


 class CookieConflictError(RuntimeError):
@@ -112,14 +131,22 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. warning:: operation is O(n), not O(1).
         """
-        pass
+        try:
+            return self._find_no_duplicates(name, domain, path)
+        except KeyError:
+            return default

     def set(self, name, value, **kwargs):
         """Dict-like set() that also supports optional domain and path args in
         order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
         multiple domains.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(value, Morsel):
+            c = morsel_to_cookie(value)
+        else:
+            c = create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs)
+        self.set_cookie(c)
+        return c

     def iterkeys(self):
         """Dict-like iterkeys() that returns an iterator of names of cookies
@@ -127,7 +154,8 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: itervalues() and iteritems().
         """
-        pass
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name

     def keys(self):
         """Dict-like keys() that returns a list of names of cookies from the
@@ -135,7 +163,7 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: values() and items().
         """
-        pass
+        return list(self.iterkeys())

     def itervalues(self):
         """Dict-like itervalues() that returns an iterator of values of cookies
@@ -143,7 +171,8 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: iterkeys() and iteritems().
         """
-        pass
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.value

     def values(self):
         """Dict-like values() that returns a list of values of cookies from the
@@ -151,7 +180,7 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: keys() and items().
         """
-        pass
+        return list(self.itervalues())

     def iteritems(self):
         """Dict-like iteritems() that returns an iterator of name-value tuples
@@ -159,7 +188,8 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: iterkeys() and itervalues().
         """
-        pass
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            yield cookie.name, cookie.value

     def items(self):
         """Dict-like items() that returns a list of name-value tuples from the
@@ -168,15 +198,23 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         .. seealso:: keys() and values().
         """
-        pass
+        return list(self.iteritems())

     def list_domains(self):
         """Utility method to list all the domains in the jar."""
-        pass
+        domains = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.domain not in domains:
+                domains.append(cookie.domain)
+        return domains

     def list_paths(self):
         """Utility method to list all the paths in the jar."""
-        pass
+        paths = []
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if cookie.path not in paths:
+                paths.append(cookie.path)
+        return paths

     def multiple_domains(self):
         """Returns True if there are multiple domains in the jar.
@@ -184,7 +222,8 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         :rtype: bool
         """
-        pass
+        domains = self.list_domains()
+        return len(domains) > 1

     def get_dict(self, domain=None, path=None):
         """Takes as an argument an optional domain and path and returns a plain
@@ -193,7 +232,12 @@ class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, MutableMapping):

         :rtype: dict
         """
-        pass
+        dictionary = {}
+        for cookie in iter(self):
+            if (domain is None or cookie.domain == domain) and \
+               (path is None or cookie.path == path):
+                dictionary[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+        return dictionary

     def __contains__(self, name):
         try:
@@ -282,12 +326,68 @@ def create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs):
     By default, the pair of `name` and `value` will be set for the domain ''
     and sent on every request (this is sometimes called a "supercookie").
     """
-    pass
+    result = {
+        'version': 0,
+        'name': name,
+        'value': value,
+        'port': None,
+        'domain': '',
+        'path': '/',
+        'secure': False,
+        'expires': None,
+        'discard': True,
+        'comment': None,
+        'comment_url': None,
+        'rest': {'HttpOnly': None},
+        'rfc2109': False,
+    }
+
+    badargs = set(kwargs) - set(result)
+    if badargs:
+        err = 'create_cookie() got unexpected keyword arguments: %s'
+        raise TypeError(err % list(badargs))
+
+    result.update(kwargs)
+    result['port_specified'] = bool(result['port'])
+    result['domain_specified'] = bool(result['domain'])
+    result['domain_initial_dot'] = result['domain'].startswith('.')
+    result['path_specified'] = bool(result['path'])
+
+    return cookielib.Cookie(**result)


 def morsel_to_cookie(morsel):
     """Convert a Morsel object into a Cookie containing the one k/v pair."""
-    pass
+    expires = None
+    if morsel['max-age']:
+        try:
+            expires = int(time.time() + int(morsel['max-age']))
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+    elif morsel['expires']:
+        time_template = "%a, %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S GMT"
+        expires = calendar.timegm(
+            time.strptime(morsel['expires'], time_template)
+        )
+    return create_cookie(
+        name=morsel.key,
+        value=morsel.value,
+        version=0,
+        port=None,
+        port_specified=False,
+        domain=morsel['domain'],
+        domain_specified=bool(morsel['domain']),
+        domain_initial_dot=morsel['domain'].startswith('.'),
+        path=morsel['path'],
+        path_specified=bool(morsel['path']),
+        secure=bool(morsel['secure']),
+        expires=expires,
+        discard=False,
+        comment=morsel['comment'],
+        comment_url=bool(morsel['comment']),
+        rest={'HttpOnly': morsel['httponly']},
+        rfc2109=False,
+    )


 def cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cookiejar=None, overwrite=True):
@@ -299,7 +399,16 @@ def cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cookiejar=None, overwrite=True):
         already in the jar with new ones.
     :rtype: CookieJar
     """
-    pass
+    if cookiejar is None:
+        cookiejar = RequestsCookieJar()
+
+    if cookie_dict is not None:
+        names_from_jar = [cookie.name for cookie in cookiejar]
+        for name in cookie_dict:
+            if overwrite or (name not in names_from_jar):
+                cookiejar.set_cookie(create_cookie(name, cookie_dict[name]))
+
+    return cookiejar


 def merge_cookies(cookiejar, cookies):
@@ -309,4 +418,14 @@ def merge_cookies(cookiejar, cookies):
     :param cookies: Dictionary or CookieJar object to be added.
     :rtype: CookieJar
     """
-    pass
+    if not isinstance(cookiejar, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        raise ValueError('You can only merge into CookieJar')
+
+    if isinstance(cookies, dict):
+        cookiejar = cookiejar_from_dict(
+            cookies, cookiejar=cookiejar, overwrite=False)
+    elif isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
+        for cookie in cookies:
+            cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie)
+
+    return cookiejar
diff --git a/src/requests/help.py b/src/requests/help.py
index 8057ee09..91dae62e 100644
--- a/src/requests/help.py
+++ b/src/requests/help.py
@@ -36,17 +36,83 @@ def _implementation():
     doesn't work for Jython or IronPython. Future investigation should be done
     to work out the correct shape of the code for those platforms.
     """
-    pass
+    implementation = platform.python_implementation()
+    version = platform.python_version()
+    return {'name': implementation, 'version': version}


 def info():
     """Generate information for a bug report."""
-    pass
+    try:
+        import urllib3
+    except ImportError:
+        urllib3 = None
+
+    try:
+        import chardet
+    except ImportError:
+        chardet = None
+
+    try:
+        import charset_normalizer
+    except ImportError:
+        charset_normalizer = None
+
+    try:
+        from urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
+    except ImportError:
+        pyopenssl = None
+        OpenSSL = None
+        cryptography = None
+    else:
+        import cryptography
+        import OpenSSL
+
+    system_ssl = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO
+    system_ssl_info = {'name': 'OpenSSL', 'version': f'{system_ssl[0]}.{system_ssl[1]}.{system_ssl[2]}'}
+
+    return {
+        'platform': {
+            'system': platform.system(),
+            'release': platform.release(),
+        },
+        'implementation': _implementation(),
+        'python': {
+            'version': platform.python_version(),
+            'executable': sys.executable,
+            'build': platform.python_build(),
+        },
+        'requests': {
+            'version': requests_version,
+        },
+        'urllib3': {
+            'version': urllib3.__version__ if urllib3 else None,
+        },
+        'chardet': {
+            'version': chardet.__version__ if chardet else None,
+        },
+        'charset_normalizer': {
+            'version': charset_normalizer.__version__ if charset_normalizer else None,
+        },
+        'idna': {
+            'version': idna.__version__,
+        },
+        'system_ssl': system_ssl_info,
+        'pyopenssl': {
+            'version': OpenSSL.version.__version__ if OpenSSL else None,
+            'openssl_version': OpenSSL.SSL.SSLeay_version(OpenSSL.SSL.SSLEAY_VERSION).decode('utf-8') if OpenSSL else None,
+        },
+        'cryptography': {
+            'version': cryptography.__version__ if cryptography else None,
+        },
+        'pyopenssl_subject': pyopenssl.get_subject() if pyopenssl else None,
+        'pyopenssl_issuer': pyopenssl.get_issuer() if pyopenssl else None,
+    }


 def main():
     """Pretty-print the bug information as JSON."""
-    pass
+    print(json.dumps(info(), sort_keys=True, indent=2))


 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/src/requests/hooks.py b/src/requests/hooks.py
index 8dfca96f..6de12ac2 100644
--- a/src/requests/hooks.py
+++ b/src/requests/hooks.py
@@ -14,4 +14,16 @@ HOOKS = ['response']

 def dispatch_hook(key, hooks, hook_data, **kwargs):
     """Dispatches a hook dictionary on a given piece of data."""
-    pass
+    hooks = hooks or {}
+    if key not in hooks:
+        return hook_data
+    
+    if hasattr(hooks[key], '__call__'):
+        hooks[key] = [hooks[key]]
+    
+    for hook in hooks[key]:
+        _hook_data = hook(hook_data, **kwargs)
+        if _hook_data is not None:
+            hook_data = _hook_data
+    
+    return hook_data
diff --git a/src/requests/structures.py b/src/requests/structures.py
index b389ca26..d3d96e7d 100644
--- a/src/requests/structures.py
+++ b/src/requests/structures.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class CaseInsensitiveDict(MutableMapping):

     def lower_items(self):
         """Like iteritems(), but with all lowercase keys."""
-        pass
+        return ((key.lower(), value) for key, value in self._store.values())

     def __eq__(self, other):
         if isinstance(other, Mapping):
diff --git a/src/requests/utils.py b/src/requests/utils.py
index 504e22fc..536e053d 100644
--- a/src/requests/utils.py
+++ b/src/requests/utils.py
@@ -40,22 +40,71 @@ if sys.platform == 'win32':
         Checks proxy settings gathered from the environment, if specified,
         or the registry.
         """
-        pass
+        try:
+            return proxy_bypass_environment(host)
+        except KeyError:
+            return False


 def dict_to_sequence(d):
     """Returns an internal sequence dictionary update."""
-    pass
+    if isinstance(d, Mapping):
+        return d.items()
+    return d


 def get_netrc_auth(url, raise_errors=False):
     """Returns the Requests tuple auth for a given url from netrc."""
-    pass
+    try:
+        from netrc import netrc, NetrcParseError
+
+        netrc_path = None
+        for f in NETRC_FILES:
+            try:
+                loc = os.path.expanduser('~/{}'.format(f))
+            except KeyError:
+                # os.path.expanduser can fail when $HOME is undefined and
+                # getpwuid fails. See https://bugs.python.org/issue20164
+                continue
+
+            if os.path.exists(loc):
+                netrc_path = loc
+                break
+
+        # Abort early if there isn't one.
+        if netrc_path is None:
+            return None
+
+        ri = urlparse(url)
+
+        # Strip port numbers from netloc
+        host = ri.netloc.split(':')[0]
+
+        try:
+            _netrc = netrc(netrc_path).authenticators(host)
+            if _netrc:
+                # Return with login / password
+                login_i = (0 if _netrc[0] else 1)
+                return (_netrc[login_i], _netrc[2])
+        except (NetrcParseError, IOError):
+            # If there was a parsing error or the file doesn't exist
+            if raise_errors:
+                raise
+
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        # netrc module not available or not supported
+        pass
+
+    return None


 def guess_filename(obj):
     """Tries to guess the filename of the given object."""
-    pass
+    name = getattr(obj, 'name', None)
+    if name and isinstance(name, basestring) and name[0] != '<' and name[-1] != '>':
+        return os.path.basename(name)
+
+    return None


 def extract_zipped_paths(path):
@@ -63,13 +112,42 @@ def extract_zipped_paths(path):
     archive with the location of an extracted copy of the target, or else
     just return the provided path unchanged.
     """
-    pass
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        return path
+
+    archive, member = os.path.split(path)
+    while archive and not os.path.exists(archive):
+        archive, prefix = os.path.split(archive)
+        member = '/'.join([prefix, member])
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(archive):
+        return path
+
+    try:
+        zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(archive)
+        if member not in zip_file.namelist():
+            return path
+
+        extracted_path = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), 'requests-temp', member.split('/')[-1])
+        if not os.path.exists(extracted_path):
+            extracted_path = zip_file.extract(member, path=os.path.dirname(extracted_path))
+        zip_file.close()
+        return extracted_path
+    except (zipfile.BadZipFile, OSError):
+        return path


 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def atomic_open(filename):
     """Write a file to the disk in an atomic fashion"""
-    pass
+    tmp_descriptor, tmp_name = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=os.path.dirname(filename))
+    try:
+        with os.fdopen(tmp_descriptor, 'wb') as tmp_handler:
+            yield tmp_handler
+        os.replace(tmp_name, filename)
+    except BaseException:
+        os.remove(tmp_name)
+        raise


 def from_key_val_list(value):
@@ -90,7 +168,13 @@ def from_key_val_list(value):

     :rtype: OrderedDict
     """
-    pass
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    return OrderedDict(value)


 def to_key_val_list(value):
@@ -110,7 +194,16 @@ def to_key_val_list(value):

     :rtype: list
     """
-    pass
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
+        raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
+
+    if isinstance(value, Mapping):
+        return list(value.items())
+
+    return value


 def parse_list_header(value):
@@ -136,7 +229,7 @@ def parse_list_header(value):
     :return: :class:`list`
     :rtype: list
     """
-    pass
+    return _parse_list_header(value)


 def parse_dict_header(value):
@@ -161,7 +254,14 @@ def parse_dict_header(value):
     :return: :class:`dict`
     :rtype: dict
     """
-    pass
+    result = {}
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if '=' not in item:
+            result[item] = None
+        else:
+            name, value = item.split('=', 1)
+            result[name] = unquote_header_value(value)
+    return result


 def unquote_header_value(value, is_filename=False):
@@ -172,7 +272,11 @@ def unquote_header_value(value, is_filename=False):
     :param value: the header value to unquote.
     :rtype: str
     """
-    pass
+    if value and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
+        value = value[1:-1]
+        if not is_filename or value[:2] != '\\\\':
+            return value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"')
+    return value


 def dict_from_cookiejar(cj):
@@ -181,7 +285,12 @@ def dict_from_cookiejar(cj):
     :param cj: CookieJar object to extract cookies from.
     :rtype: dict
     """
-    pass
+    cookie_dict = {}
+
+    for cookie in cj:
+        cookie_dict[cookie.name] = cookie.value
+
+    return cookie_dict


 def add_dict_to_cookiejar(cj, cookie_dict):