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Claude Sonnet 3.5 - Fill-in: pydantic

Failed to run pytests for test tests

ImportError while loading conftest '/testbed/tests/conftest.py'.
tests/conftest.py:17: in <module>
    from pydantic import GenerateSchema
pydantic/__init__.py:404: in __getattr__
    module = import_module(module_name, package=package)
pydantic/_internal/_generate_schema.py:26: in <module>
    from ..json_schema import JsonSchemaValue
pydantic/json_schema.py:27: in <module>
    from ._internal import _config, _core_metadata, _core_utils, _decorators, _internal_dataclass, _mock_val_ser, _schema_generation_shared, _typing_extra
pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py:8: in <module>
    from . import _repr
pydantic/_internal/_repr.py:7: in <module>
    from . import _typing_extra
E     File "/testbed/pydantic/_internal/_typing_extra.py", line 241
E       def is_self_type(tp: Any) ->bool:
E       ^^^
E   IndentationError: expected an indented block after 'if' statement on line 238

Patch diff

diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_config.py b/pydantic/_internal/_config.py
index 9809c1f3..8e69c9cf 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_config.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_config.py
@@ -89,7 +89,17 @@ class ConfigWrapper:
         Returns:
             A `ConfigWrapper` instance for `BaseModel`.
         """
-        pass
+        config_dict = {}
+        for base in reversed(bases):
+            if hasattr(base, '__pydantic_config__'):
+                config_dict.update(base.__pydantic_config__.config_dict)
+        
+        if 'Config' in namespace:
+            config_dict.update(prepare_config(namespace['Config']))
+        
+        config_dict.update({k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in config_keys})
+        
+        return cls(config_dict)
     if not TYPE_CHECKING:

         def __getattr__(self, name: str) ->Any:
@@ -115,7 +125,20 @@ class ConfigWrapper:
         Returns:
             A `CoreConfig` object created from config.
         """
-        pass
+        config = {}
+        if 'title' in self.config_dict:
+            config['title'] = self.config_dict['title']
+        elif obj is not None:
+            config['title'] = obj.__name__
+
+        for key in ['strict', 'from_attributes', 'populate_by_name', 'str_to_lower', 'str_to_upper',
+                    'str_strip_whitespace', 'str_min_length', 'str_max_length', 'frozen',
+                    'extra', 'ser_json_timedelta', 'ser_json_bytes', 'ser_json_inf_nan',
+                    'validate_default', 'hide_input_in_errors']:
+            if key in self.config_dict:
+                config[key] = self.config_dict[key]
+
+        return core_schema.CoreConfig(**config)

     def __repr__(self):
         c = ', '.join(f'{k}={v!r}' for k, v in self.config_dict.items())
@@ -157,7 +180,18 @@ def prepare_config(config: (ConfigDict | dict[str, Any] | type[Any] | None)
     Returns:
         A ConfigDict object created from config.
     """
-    pass
+    if config is None:
+        return ConfigDict()
+    elif isinstance(config, dict):
+        return ConfigDict(**config)
+    elif isinstance(config, type):
+        if hasattr(config, '__pydantic_config__'):
+            return config.__pydantic_config__.config_dict.copy()
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(DEPRECATION_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return ConfigDict(**{k: getattr(config, k) for k in dir(config) if not k.startswith('__')})
+    else:
+        raise TypeError(f"Config must be a ConfigDict, dict, class, or None, not {type(config)}")


 config_keys = set(ConfigDict.__annotations__.keys())
@@ -179,4 +213,17 @@ def check_deprecated(config_dict: ConfigDict) ->None:
     Args:
         config_dict: The input config.
     """
-    pass
+    for key in config_dict:
+        if key in V2_REMOVED_KEYS:
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"Config key '{key}' has been removed in V2",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2
+            )
+        elif key in V2_RENAMED_KEYS:
+            new_key = V2_RENAMED_KEYS[key]
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"Config key '{key}' has been renamed to '{new_key}' in V2",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2
+            )
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_core_metadata.py b/pydantic/_internal/_core_metadata.py
index e9361dbe..4bccb34f 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_core_metadata.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_core_metadata.py
@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ class CoreMetadataHandler:
         """Retrieves the metadata dict from the schema, initializing it to a dict if it is None
         and raises an error if it is not a dict.
         """
-        pass
+        metadata = self._schema['metadata']
+        if not isinstance(metadata, dict):
+            raise TypeError(f'CoreSchema metadata should be a dict; got {metadata!r}.')
+        return typing.cast(CoreMetadata, metadata)


 def build_metadata_dict(*, js_functions: (list[GetJsonSchemaFunction] |
@@ -54,4 +57,19 @@ def build_metadata_dict(*, js_functions: (list[GetJsonSchemaFunction] |
     """Builds a dict to use as the metadata field of a CoreSchema object in a manner that is consistent
     with the CoreMetadataHandler class.
     """
-    pass
+    metadata = CoreMetadata()
+    if initial_metadata:
+        if not isinstance(initial_metadata, dict):
+            raise TypeError(f'initial_metadata should be a dict; got {initial_metadata!r}.')
+        metadata.update(initial_metadata)
+    
+    if js_functions:
+        metadata['pydantic_js_functions'] = js_functions
+    if js_annotation_functions:
+        metadata['pydantic_js_annotation_functions'] = js_annotation_functions
+    if js_prefer_positional_arguments is not None:
+        metadata['pydantic_js_prefer_positional_arguments'] = js_prefer_positional_arguments
+    if typed_dict_cls:
+        metadata['pydantic_typed_dict_cls'] = typed_dict_cls
+    
+    return metadata
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py b/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py
index 5f858e63..85d9b519 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py
@@ -38,14 +38,25 @@ def get_type_ref(type_: type[Any], args_override: (tuple[type[Any], ...] |
     This `args_override` argument was added for the purpose of creating valid recursive references
     when creating generic models without needing to create a concrete class.
     """
-    pass
+    if args_override is not None:
+        type_args = args_override
+    elif is_generic_alias(type_):
+        type_args = get_args(type_)
+    else:
+        type_args = ()
+    
+    type_name = type_.__name__
+    if type_args:
+        args_str = ','.join(arg.__name__ for arg in type_args)
+        return f'{type_name}[{args_str}]'
+    return type_name


 def get_ref(s: core_schema.CoreSchema) ->(None | str):
     """Get the ref from the schema if it has one.
     This exists just for type checking to work correctly.
     """
-    pass
+    return s.get('ref')


 T = TypeVar('T')
@@ -77,7 +88,7 @@ def walk_core_schema(schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, f: Walk
     Returns:
         core_schema.CoreSchema: A processed CoreSchema.
     """
-    pass
+    return _dispatch(schema, f)


 def pretty_print_core_schema(schema: CoreSchema, include_metadata: bool=False
@@ -89,4 +100,19 @@ def pretty_print_core_schema(schema: CoreSchema, include_metadata: bool=False
         schema: The CoreSchema to print.
         include_metadata: Whether to include metadata in the output. Defaults to `False`.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        from rich import print as rich_print
+        from rich.pretty import Pretty
+    except ImportError:
+        print("Rich library is not installed. Please install it to use this function.")
+        return
+
+    def _process_schema(s: CoreSchema) -> dict:
+        result = {k: v for k, v in s.items() if k != 'metadata' or include_metadata}
+        for key, value in result.items():
+            if isinstance(value, dict) and 'type' in value:
+                result[key] = _process_schema(value)
+        return result
+
+    processed_schema = _process_schema(schema)
+    rich_print(Pretty(processed_schema, expand_all=True))
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_dataclasses.py b/pydantic/_internal/_dataclasses.py
index 35f40c50..7c67b501 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_dataclasses.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_dataclasses.py
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ def set_dataclass_fields(cls: type[StandardDataclass], types_namespace: (
         types_namespace: The types namespace, defaults to `None`.
         config_wrapper: The config wrapper instance, defaults to `None`.
     """
-    pass
+    fields = collect_dataclass_fields(cls, types_namespace, config_wrapper)
+    cls.__pydantic_fields__ = fields


 def complete_dataclass(cls: type[Any], config_wrapper: _config.
@@ -89,7 +90,28 @@ def complete_dataclass(cls: type[Any], config_wrapper: _config.
     Raises:
         PydanticUndefinedAnnotation: If `raise_error` is `True` and there is an undefined annotations.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        set_dataclass_fields(cls, types_namespace, config_wrapper)
+        
+        generate_schema = GenerateSchema(config_wrapper)
+        core_schema = generate_schema.generate_schema(cls)
+        
+        cls.__pydantic_core_schema__ = core_schema
+        cls.__pydantic_validator__ = create_schema_validator(
+            core_schema,
+            cls,
+            config_wrapper,
+            CallbackGetCoreSchemaHandler(generate_schema)
+        )
+        cls.__pydantic_serializer__ = SchemaSerializer(core_schema)
+        
+        set_dataclass_mocks(cls)
+        cls.__pydantic_complete__ = True
+        return True
+    except PydanticUndefinedAnnotation:
+        if raise_errors:
+            raise
+        return False


 def is_builtin_dataclass(_cls: type[Any]) ->TypeGuard[type[StandardDataclass]]:
@@ -122,4 +144,13 @@ def is_builtin_dataclass(_cls: type[Any]) ->TypeGuard[type[StandardDataclass]]:
     Returns:
         `True` if the class is a stdlib dataclass, `False` otherwise.
     """
-    pass
+    if not dataclasses.is_dataclass(_cls):
+        return False
+    
+    if hasattr(_cls, '__pydantic_validator__'):
+        return False
+    
+    annotations = _typing_extra.get_class_annotations(_cls)
+    dataclass_fields = set(_cls.__dataclass_fields__.keys())
+    
+    return set(annotations.keys()).issubset(dataclass_fields)
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_decorators.py b/pydantic/_internal/_decorators.py
index cc38227b..eac12643 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_decorators.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_decorators.py
@@ -214,7 +214,9 @@ class Decorator(Generic[DecoratorInfoType]):
         Returns:
             The new decorator instance.
         """
-        pass
+        cls_ref = get_type_ref(cls_)
+        func = get_attribute_from_base_dicts(cls_, cls_var_name)
+        return Decorator(cls_ref=cls_ref, cls_var_name=cls_var_name, func=func, shim=shim, info=info)

     def bind_to_cls(self, cls: Any) ->Decorator[DecoratorInfoType]:
         """Bind the decorator to a class.
@@ -225,7 +227,9 @@ class Decorator(Generic[DecoratorInfoType]):
         Returns:
             The new decorator instance.
         """
-        pass
+        cls_ref = get_type_ref(cls)
+        func = get_attribute_from_base_dicts(cls, self.cls_var_name)
+        return Decorator(cls_ref=cls_ref, cls_var_name=self.cls_var_name, func=func, shim=self.shim, info=self.info)


 def get_bases(tp: type[Any]) ->tuple[type[Any], ...]:
@@ -237,7 +241,9 @@ def get_bases(tp: type[Any]) ->tuple[type[Any], ...]:
     Returns:
         The base classes.
     """
-    pass
+    if is_typeddict(tp):
+        return tp.__orig_bases__
+    return tp.__bases__


 def mro(tp: type[Any]) ->tuple[type[Any], ...]:
@@ -245,7 +251,28 @@ def mro(tp: type[Any]) ->tuple[type[Any], ...]:

     See https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.3/mro/
     """
-    pass
+    if hasattr(tp, '__mro__'):
+        return tp.__mro__
+    else:
+        # Implement C3 linearization for types without __mro__
+        def merge(seqs):
+            res = []
+            i = 0
+            while True:
+                nonempty = [seq for seq in seqs if seq]
+                if not nonempty:
+                    return tuple(res)
+                for seq in nonempty:
+                    head = seq[0]
+                    if not any(head in s[1:] for s in nonempty):
+                        break
+                else:
+                    raise TypeError("Inconsistent hierarchy")
+                res.append(head)
+                for seq in nonempty:
+                    if seq[0] == head:
+                        del seq[0]
+        return tuple(merge([[tp]] + [list(mro(base)) for base in get_bases(tp)] + [list(get_bases(tp))]))


 _sentinel = object()
@@ -271,7 +298,16 @@ def get_attribute_from_bases(tp: (type[Any] | tuple[type[Any], ...]), name: str
     Raises:
         AttributeError: If the attribute is not found in any class in the MRO.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(tp, tuple):
+        classes = tp
+    else:
+        classes = mro(tp)
+    
+    for cls in classes:
+        if name in cls.__dict__:
+            return cls.__dict__[name]
+    
+    raise AttributeError(f"'{tp.__name__}' object has no attribute '{name}'")


 def get_attribute_from_base_dicts(tp: type[Any], name: str) ->Any:
@@ -289,7 +325,12 @@ def get_attribute_from_base_dicts(tp: type[Any], name: str) ->Any:
     Raises:
         KeyError: If the attribute is not found in any class's `__dict__` in the MRO.
     """
-    pass
+    for cls in mro(tp):
+        try:
+            return cls.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            continue
+    raise KeyError(f"'{name}' not found in '{tp.__name__}' or its bases")


 @dataclass(**slots_true)
@@ -328,7 +369,26 @@ class DecoratorInfos:
         If we do replace any functions we put the replacement into the position
         the replaced function was in; that is, we maintain the order.
         """
-        pass
+        decorator_infos = DecoratorInfos()
+        for base in reversed(mro(model_dc)):
+            for name, value in base.__dict__.items():
+                if isinstance(value, PydanticDescriptorProxy):
+                    decorator = Decorator.build(base, cls_var_name=name, shim=value.shim, info=value.decorator_info)
+                    if isinstance(value.decorator_info, ValidatorDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.validators[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, FieldValidatorDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.field_validators[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, RootValidatorDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.root_validators[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, FieldSerializerDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.field_serializers[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, ModelSerializerDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.model_serializers[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, ModelValidatorDecoratorInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.model_validators[name] = decorator
+                    elif isinstance(value.decorator_info, ComputedFieldInfo):
+                        decorator_infos.computed_fields[name] = decorator
+        return decorator_infos


 def inspect_validator(validator: Callable[..., Any], mode: FieldValidatorModes
@@ -344,7 +404,25 @@ def inspect_validator(validator: Callable[..., Any], mode: FieldValidatorModes
     Returns:
         Whether the validator takes an info argument.
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(validator)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+    
+    if mode == 'before':
+        if len(params) == 1:
+            return False
+        elif len(params) == 2 and params[1].name == 'info':
+            return True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid signature for 'before' validator: {sig}")
+    elif mode == 'after':
+        if len(params) == 2:
+            return False
+        elif len(params) == 3 and params[2].name == 'info':
+            return True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid signature for 'after' validator: {sig}")
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid validator mode: {mode}")


 def inspect_field_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode: Literal[
@@ -363,7 +441,25 @@ def inspect_field_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode: Literal[
     Returns:
         Tuple of (is_field_serializer, info_arg).
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(serializer)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+    
+    if mode == 'plain':
+        if len(params) == 1:
+            return True, False
+        elif len(params) == 2 and params[1].name == 'info':
+            return True, True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid signature for 'plain' field serializer: {sig}")
+    elif mode == 'wrap':
+        if len(params) == 2:
+            return True, False
+        elif len(params) == 3 and params[2].name == 'info':
+            return True, True
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid signature for 'wrap' field serializer: {sig}")
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid serializer mode: {mode}")


 def inspect_annotated_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode:
@@ -379,7 +475,15 @@ def inspect_annotated_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode:
     Returns:
         info_arg
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(serializer)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+    
+    if mode == 'plain':
+        return len(params) == 2 and params[1].name == 'info'
+    elif mode == 'wrap':
+        return len(params) == 3 and params[2].name == 'info'
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid serializer mode: {mode}")


 def inspect_model_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode: Literal[
@@ -395,7 +499,15 @@ def inspect_model_serializer(serializer: Callable[..., Any], mode: Literal[
     Returns:
         `info_arg` - whether the function expects an info argument.
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(serializer)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+    
+    if mode == 'plain':
+        return len(params) == 2 and params[1].name == 'info'
+    elif mode == 'wrap':
+        return len(params) == 3 and params[2].name == 'info'
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid serializer mode: {mode}")


 AnyDecoratorCallable: TypeAlias = (
@@ -415,7 +527,9 @@ def is_instance_method_from_sig(function: AnyDecoratorCallable) ->bool:
     Returns:
         `True` if the function is an instance method, `False` otherwise.
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(function)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+    return len(params) > 0 and params[0].name == 'self'


 def ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(function: AnyDecoratorCallable
@@ -428,7 +542,12 @@ def ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(function: AnyDecoratorCallable
     Return:
         The `@classmethod` decorator applied function.
     """
-    pass
+    if not isinstance(function, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+        sig = signature(function)
+        params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+        if len(params) > 0 and params[0].name == 'cls':
+            return classmethod(function)
+    return function


 def unwrap_wrapped_function(func: Any, *, unwrap_partial: bool=True,
@@ -445,7 +564,16 @@ def unwrap_wrapped_function(func: Any, *, unwrap_partial: bool=True,
     Returns:
         The underlying function of the wrapped function.
     """
-    pass
+    while True:
+        if isinstance(func, property):
+            func = func.fget
+        elif unwrap_partial and isinstance(func, (partial, partialmethod)):
+            func = func.func
+        elif unwrap_class_static_method and isinstance(func, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            func = func.__func__
+        else:
+            break
+    return func


 def get_function_return_type(func: Any, explicit_return_type: Any,
@@ -463,7 +591,11 @@ def get_function_return_type(func: Any, explicit_return_type: Any,
     Returns:
         The function return type.
     """
-    pass
+    if explicit_return_type is not None:
+        return explicit_return_type
+    
+    type_hints = get_function_type_hints(func, types_namespace)
+    return type_hints.get('return', Any)


 def count_positional_required_params(sig: Signature) ->int:
@@ -476,7 +608,16 @@ def count_positional_required_params(sig: Signature) ->int:
     Returns:
         The number of positional arguments of a signature.
     """
-    pass
+    count = 0
+    for param in sig.parameters.values():
+        if param.kind in (Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY, Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD):
+            if count == 0 or param.default is Parameter.empty:
+                count += 1
+            else:
+                break
+        else:
+            break
+    return count


 def ensure_property(f: Any) ->Any:
@@ -488,4 +629,6 @@ def ensure_property(f: Any) ->Any:
     Returns:
         The function, or a `property` or `cached_property` instance wrapping the function.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(f, (property, cached_property)) or isdatadescriptor(f) or ismethoddescriptor(f):
+        return f
+    return property(f)
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_decorators_v1.py b/pydantic/_internal/_decorators_v1.py
index 4645ddd9..29cbcab2 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_decorators_v1.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_decorators_v1.py
@@ -62,7 +62,26 @@ def make_generic_v1_field_validator(validator: V1Validator
         PydanticUserError: If the signature is not supported or the parameters are
             not available in Pydantic V2.
     """
-    pass
+    sig = signature(validator)
+    params = list(sig.parameters.values())
+
+    def wrapper(value: Any, info: core_schema.ValidationInfo) -> Any:
+        if len(params) == 1:
+            return validator(value)
+        elif len(params) == 2:
+            if params[1].name == 'values':
+                return validator(value, values=info.data)
+            elif params[1].kind == Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD:
+                return validator(value, **{'values': info.data})
+        elif len(params) == 3 and params[1].name == 'values' and params[2].kind == Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD:
+            return validator(value, values=info.data)
+        
+        raise PydanticUserError(
+            f"Unsupported validator signature: {sig}",
+            code="unsupported-validator-signature"
+        )
+
+    return wrapper


 RootValidatorValues = Dict[str, Any]
@@ -103,4 +122,13 @@ def make_v1_generic_root_validator(validator: V1RootValidatorFunction, pre:
     Returns:
         A wrapped V2 style validator.
     """
-    pass
+    if pre:
+        def before_validator(values: RootValidatorValues, info: core_schema.ValidationInfo) -> RootValidatorValues:
+            return validator(values)
+        return before_validator
+    else:
+        def after_validator(fields_tuple: RootValidatorFieldsTuple, info: core_schema.ValidationInfo) -> RootValidatorFieldsTuple:
+            values = dict(zip(info.field_names, fields_tuple))
+            validated_values = validator(values)
+            return tuple(validated_values[field] for field in info.field_names)
+        return after_validator
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_discriminated_union.py b/pydantic/_internal/_discriminated_union.py
index aa07168e..2a0a0489 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_discriminated_union.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_discriminated_union.py
@@ -46,7 +46,11 @@ def apply_discriminator(schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, discriminator: (str |
             - If discriminator fields have different aliases.
             - If discriminator field not of type `Literal`.
     """
-    pass
+    if definitions is None:
+        definitions = {}
+    
+    applier = _ApplyInferredDiscriminator(discriminator, definitions)
+    return applier.apply(schema)


 class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
@@ -96,7 +100,19 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
                 - If discriminator fields have different aliases.
                 - If discriminator field not of type `Literal`.
         """
-        pass
+        if self._used:
+            raise RuntimeError('_ApplyInferredDiscriminator instances should not be reused')
+        self._used = True
+
+        new_schema = self._apply_to_root(schema)
+
+        if not self._tagged_union_choices:
+            raise TypeError('No valid choices found for discriminated union')
+
+        if self._is_nullable:
+            new_schema = core_schema.nullable_schema(new_schema)
+
+        return new_schema

     def _apply_to_root(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema
         ) ->core_schema.CoreSchema:
@@ -104,7 +120,28 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
         unwrapping nullable or definitions schemas, and calling the `_handle_choice`
         method iteratively on the choices extracted (recursively) from the possibly-wrapped union.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(schema, core_schema.NullableSchema):
+            self._should_be_nullable = True
+            return self._apply_to_root(schema['schema'])
+        
+        if isinstance(schema, core_schema.DefinitionsSchema):
+            self.definitions.update(schema['definitions'])
+            return self._apply_to_root(schema['schema'])
+        
+        if isinstance(schema, core_schema.UnionSchema):
+            for choice in schema['choices']:
+                self._handle_choice(choice)
+        elif isinstance(schema, core_schema.TaggedUnionSchema):
+            for choice in schema['choices'].values():
+                self._handle_choice(choice)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f'Invalid schema type for discriminated union: {type(schema)}')
+
+        return core_schema.tagged_union_schema(
+            choices=self._tagged_union_choices,
+            discriminator=self.discriminator,
+            discriminator_alias=self._discriminator_alias,
+        )

     def _handle_choice(self, choice: core_schema.CoreSchema) ->None:
         """This method handles the "middle" stage of recursion over the input schema.
@@ -117,7 +154,20 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
         * Validating that each allowed discriminator value maps to a unique choice
         * Updating the _tagged_union_choices mapping that will ultimately be used to build the TaggedUnionSchema.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(choice, core_schema.UnionSchema):
+            for sub_choice in choice['choices']:
+                self._handle_choice(sub_choice)
+        elif isinstance(choice, core_schema.TaggedUnionSchema):
+            if self._is_discriminator_shared(choice):
+                for sub_choice in choice['choices'].values():
+                    self._handle_choice(sub_choice)
+            else:
+                self._set_unique_choice_for_values(choice, [choice['discriminator']])
+        elif isinstance(choice, core_schema.NoneSchema):
+            self._is_nullable = True
+        else:
+            values = self._infer_discriminator_values_for_choice(choice, None)
+            self._set_unique_choice_for_values(choice, values)

     def _is_discriminator_shared(self, choice: core_schema.TaggedUnionSchema
         ) ->bool:
@@ -126,7 +176,7 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
         determine whether this TaggedUnionSchema choice should be "coalesced" into the top level,
         or whether it should be treated as a separate (nested) choice.
         """
-        pass
+        return choice['discriminator'] == self.discriminator

     def _infer_discriminator_values_for_choice(self, choice: core_schema.
         CoreSchema, source_name: (str | None)) ->list[str | int]:
@@ -134,7 +184,14 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:

         `model_name` is accepted for the purpose of producing useful error messages.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(choice, core_schema.TypedDictSchema):
+            return self._infer_discriminator_values_for_typed_dict_choice(choice, source_name)
+        elif isinstance(choice, core_schema.ModelSchema):
+            return self._infer_discriminator_values_for_typed_dict_choice(choice['schema'], source_name)
+        elif isinstance(choice, core_schema.DataclassSchema):
+            return self._infer_discriminator_values_for_typed_dict_choice(choice['schema'], source_name)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f'Invalid choice type for discriminated union: {type(choice)}')

     def _infer_discriminator_values_for_typed_dict_choice(self, choice:
         core_schema.TypedDictSchema, source_name: (str | None)=None) ->list[
@@ -142,18 +199,43 @@ class _ApplyInferredDiscriminator:
         """This method just extracts the _infer_discriminator_values_for_choice logic specific to TypedDictSchema
         for the sake of readability.
         """
-        pass
+        discriminator_field = choice['fields'].get(self.discriminator)
+        if discriminator_field is None:
+            raise PydanticUserError(f"Model {source_name} in union doesn't have a discriminator field {self.discriminator!r}")
+
+        if discriminator_field.get('alias') is not None:
+            if self._discriminator_alias is None:
+                self._discriminator_alias = discriminator_field['alias']
+            elif self._discriminator_alias != discriminator_field['alias']:
+                raise PydanticUserError('Discriminator fields have different aliases')
+
+        return self._infer_discriminator_values_for_inner_schema(discriminator_field['schema'], f'{source_name}.{self.discriminator}')

     def _infer_discriminator_values_for_inner_schema(self, schema:
         core_schema.CoreSchema, source: str) ->list[str | int]:
         """When inferring discriminator values for a field, we typically extract the expected values from a literal
         schema. This function does that, but also handles nested unions and defaults.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(schema, core_schema.LiteralSchema):
+            return [schema['expected']]
+        elif isinstance(schema, core_schema.UnionSchema):
+            values = []
+            for choice in schema['choices']:
+                values.extend(self._infer_discriminator_values_for_inner_schema(choice, source))
+            return values
+        elif isinstance(schema, core_schema.DefaultSchema):
+            return self._infer_discriminator_values_for_inner_schema(schema['schema'], source)
+        else:
+            raise PydanticUserError(f'Discriminator field {source!r} must be a Literal')

     def _set_unique_choice_for_values(self, choice: core_schema.CoreSchema,
         values: Sequence[str | int]) ->None:
         """This method updates `self.tagged_union_choices` so that all provided (discriminator) `values` map to the
         provided `choice`, validating that none of these values already map to another (different) choice.
         """
-        pass
+        for value in values:
+            if value in self._tagged_union_choices:
+                if self._tagged_union_choices[value] != choice:
+                    raise TypeError(f'Discriminator value {value!r} mapped to multiple choices')
+            else:
+                self._tagged_union_choices[value] = choice
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_docs_extraction.py b/pydantic/_internal/_docs_extraction.py
index 88a14e9f..e444fa51 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_docs_extraction.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_docs_extraction.py
@@ -27,4 +27,13 @@ def extract_docstrings_from_cls(cls: type[Any], use_inspect: bool=False
     Returns:
         A mapping containing attribute names and their corresponding docstring.
     """
-    pass
+    if use_inspect:
+        source = inspect.getsource(cls)
+    else:
+        source = textwrap.dedent(inspect.getmodule(cls).__dict__[cls.__name__].__doc__ or '')
+
+    tree = ast.parse(source)
+    visitor = DocstringVisitor()
+    visitor.visit(tree)
+
+    return visitor.attrs
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_fields.py b/pydantic/_internal/_fields.py
index 7e8b6c92..e6d13947 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_fields.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_fields.py
@@ -36,7 +36,13 @@ def get_type_hints_infer_globalns(obj: Any, localns: (dict[str, Any] | None
     Returns:
         The object type hints.
     """
-    pass
+    globalns = None
+    if hasattr(obj, '__module__'):
+        try:
+            globalns = sys.modules[obj.__module__].__dict__
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+    return get_type_hints(obj, globalns, localns, include_extras)


 class PydanticMetadata(Representation):
@@ -53,13 +59,21 @@ def pydantic_general_metadata(**metadata: Any) ->BaseMetadata:
     Returns:
         The new `_PydanticGeneralMetadata` class.
     """
-    pass
+    class _PydanticGeneralMetadata(_general_metadata_cls()):
+        __slots__ = tuple(metadata.keys())
+
+        def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+            for key, value in metadata.items():
+                setattr(self, key, value)
+
+    return _PydanticGeneralMetadata(**metadata)


 @lru_cache(maxsize=None)
 def _general_metadata_cls() ->type[BaseMetadata]:
     """Do it this way to avoid importing `annotated_types` at import time."""
-    pass
+    from annotated_types import BaseMetadata
+    return BaseMetadata


 def collect_model_fields(cls: type[BaseModel], bases: tuple[type[Any], ...],
@@ -88,7 +102,39 @@ def collect_model_fields(cls: type[BaseModel], bases: tuple[type[Any], ...],
             - If there is a field other than `root` in `RootModel`.
             - If a field shadows an attribute in the parent model.
     """
-    pass
+    fields: dict[str, FieldInfo] = {}
+    class_vars: set[str] = set()
+
+    # Collect fields from parent classes
+    for base in reversed(bases):
+        if hasattr(base, 'model_fields'):
+            fields.update(base.model_fields)
+
+    # Get type hints for the current class
+    type_hints = get_type_hints_infer_globalns(cls, types_namespace, include_extras=True)
+
+    for name, hint in type_hints.items():
+        if is_classvar(hint):
+            class_vars.add(name)
+        elif not is_finalvar(hint):
+            field = getattr(cls, name, PydanticUndefined)
+            if isinstance(field, FieldInfo):
+                fields[name] = field
+            else:
+                fields[name] = FieldInfo(default=field)
+
+    # Check for naming conflicts
+    protected_namespaces = {'model_', 'model_fields', 'model_config'}
+    for field_name in fields:
+        if field_name in protected_namespaces:
+            raise NameError(f"Field {field_name} conflicts with protected namespace")
+        if cls.__name__ == 'RootModel' and field_name != 'root':
+            raise NameError(f"RootModel can only have a 'root' field, not {field_name}")
+        for base in bases:
+            if hasattr(base, field_name) and not isinstance(getattr(base, field_name), FieldInfo):
+                raise NameError(f"Field {field_name} shadows an attribute in parent {base.__name__}")
+
+    return fields, class_vars


 def collect_dataclass_fields(cls: type[StandardDataclass], types_namespace:
@@ -105,4 +151,24 @@ def collect_dataclass_fields(cls: type[StandardDataclass], types_namespace:
     Returns:
         The dataclass fields.
     """
-    pass
+    fields: dict[str, FieldInfo] = {}
+    type_hints = get_type_hints_infer_globalns(cls, types_namespace, include_extras=True)
+
+    for name, hint in type_hints.items():
+        if not is_classvar(hint) and not is_finalvar(hint):
+            field = cls.__dataclass_fields__[name]
+            default = field.default if field.default is not dataclasses.MISSING else PydanticUndefined
+            default_factory = field.default_factory if field.default_factory is not dataclasses.MISSING else None
+            
+            field_info = FieldInfo(
+                annotation=hint,
+                default=default,
+                default_factory=default_factory,
+                init=field.init,
+                repr=field.repr,
+                kw_only=field.kw_only,
+            )
+            
+            fields[name] = field_info
+
+    return fields
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_generate_schema.py b/pydantic/_internal/_generate_schema.py
index c7465578..6d5048ee 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_generate_schema.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_generate_schema.py
@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ def check_validator_fields_against_field_name(info: FieldDecoratorInfo,
     Returns:
         `True` if field name is in validator fields, `False` otherwise.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(info, (ValidatorDecoratorInfo, FieldValidatorDecoratorInfo)):
+        return field in info.fields or '*' in info.fields
+    return True  # For other types of decorators, assume it applies to all fields


 def check_decorator_fields_exist(decorators: Iterable[AnyFieldDecorator],
@@ -93,7 +95,17 @@ def check_decorator_fields_exist(decorators: Iterable[AnyFieldDecorator],
     Raises:
         PydanticUserError: If one of the field names does not exist in `fields` param.
     """
-    pass
+    fields_set = set(fields)
+    for decorator in decorators:
+        info = decorator.info
+        if isinstance(info, (ValidatorDecoratorInfo, FieldValidatorDecoratorInfo)):
+            if info.check_fields and '*' not in info.fields:
+                for field in info.fields:
+                    if field not in fields_set:
+                        raise PydanticUserError(
+                            f"Decorator field '{field}' does not exist in {fields_set}",
+                            code='decorator-missing-field'
+                        )


 def modify_model_json_schema(schema_or_field: CoreSchemaOrField, handler:
@@ -110,7 +122,17 @@ def modify_model_json_schema(schema_or_field: CoreSchemaOrField, handler:
     Returns:
         JsonSchemaValue: The updated JSON schema.
     """
-    pass
+    json_schema = handler(schema_or_field)
+    
+    if title is None:
+        title = cls.__name__
+    
+    json_schema['title'] = title
+    
+    if cls.__doc__:
+        json_schema['description'] = inspect.cleandoc(cls.__doc__)
+    
+    return json_schema


 JsonEncoders = Dict[Type[Any], JsonEncoder]
@@ -125,7 +147,17 @@ def _add_custom_serialization_from_json_encoders(json_encoders: (
         tp: The type to check for a matching encoder.
         schema: The schema to add the encoder to.
     """
-    pass
+    if json_encoders is None:
+        return schema
+
+    for encoder_type, encoder in json_encoders.items():
+        if isinstance(tp, encoder_type):
+            return core_schema.json_or_python_schema(
+                json_schema=core_schema.with_info_plain_validator_function(encoder),
+                python_schema=schema,
+            )
+    
+    return schema


 TypesNamespace = Union[Dict[str, Any], None]
@@ -144,7 +176,7 @@ def _get_first_non_null(a: Any, b: Any) ->Any:
     Use case: serialization_alias (argument a) and alias (argument b) are both defined, and serialization_alias is ''.
     This function will return serialization_alias, which is the first argument, even though it is an empty string.
     """
-    pass
+    return a if a is not None else b


 class GenerateSchema:
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_generics.py b/pydantic/_internal/_generics.py
index 6087db94..79339289 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_generics.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_generics.py
@@ -106,7 +106,16 @@ def create_generic_submodel(model_name: str, origin: type[BaseModel], args:
     Returns:
         The created submodel.
     """
-    pass
+    namespace = {
+        '__module__': origin.__module__,
+        '__qualname__': f'{origin.__qualname__}[{", ".join(str(arg) for arg in args)}]',
+        '__pydantic_generic_metadata__': PydanticGenericMetadata(
+            origin=origin,
+            args=args,
+            parameters=params
+        ),
+    }
+    return types.new_class(model_name, (origin,), {}, lambda ns: ns.update(namespace))


 def _get_caller_frame_info(depth: int=2) ->tuple[str | None, bool]:
@@ -121,7 +130,15 @@ def _get_caller_frame_info(depth: int=2) ->tuple[str | None, bool]:
     Raises:
         RuntimeError: If the function is not called inside a function.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        frame = sys._getframe(depth)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise RuntimeError('This function must be called inside another function') from e
+
+    module_name = frame.f_globals.get('__name__')
+    called_globally = frame.f_locals is frame.f_globals
+
+    return module_name, called_globally


 DictValues: type[Any] = {}.values().__class__
@@ -133,7 +150,16 @@ def iter_contained_typevars(v: Any) ->Iterator[TypeVarType]:
     This is inspired as an alternative to directly accessing the `__parameters__` attribute of a GenericAlias,
     since __parameters__ of (nested) generic BaseModel subclasses won't show up in that list.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(v, TypeVar):
+        yield v
+    elif is_model_class(v) and hasattr(v, '__pydantic_generic_metadata__'):
+        yield from iter_contained_typevars(v.__pydantic_generic_metadata__['args'])
+    elif isinstance(v, (typing_base, types.GenericAlias)):
+        for arg in getattr(v, '__args__', ()):
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(arg)
+    elif isinstance(v, (list, tuple, set)):
+        for item in v:
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(item)


 def get_standard_typevars_map(cls: type[Any]) ->(dict[TypeVarType, Any] | None
@@ -141,7 +167,16 @@ def get_standard_typevars_map(cls: type[Any]) ->(dict[TypeVarType, Any] | None
     """Package a generic type's typevars and parametrization (if present) into a dictionary compatible with the
     `replace_types` function. Specifically, this works with standard typing generics and typing._GenericAlias.
     """
-    pass
+    if not hasattr(cls, '__parameters__') or not hasattr(cls, '__args__'):
+        return None
+    
+    parameters = getattr(cls, '__parameters__', ())
+    args = getattr(cls, '__args__', ())
+    
+    if len(parameters) != len(args):
+        return None
+    
+    return dict(zip(parameters, args))


 def get_model_typevars_map(cls: type[BaseModel]) ->(dict[TypeVarType, Any] |
@@ -152,7 +187,17 @@ def get_model_typevars_map(cls: type[BaseModel]) ->(dict[TypeVarType, Any] |
     Since BaseModel.__class_getitem__ does not produce a typing._GenericAlias, and the BaseModel generic info is
     stored in the __pydantic_generic_metadata__ attribute, we need special handling here.
     """
-    pass
+    if not hasattr(cls, '__pydantic_generic_metadata__'):
+        return None
+    
+    metadata = cls.__pydantic_generic_metadata__
+    parameters = metadata.get('parameters', ())
+    args = metadata.get('args', ())
+    
+    if len(parameters) != len(args):
+        return None
+    
+    return dict(zip(parameters, args))


 def replace_types(type_: Any, type_map: (Mapping[Any, Any] | None)) ->Any:
@@ -176,14 +221,46 @@ def replace_types(type_: Any, type_map: (Mapping[Any, Any] | None)) ->Any:
         #> Tuple[int, Union[List[int], float]]
         ```
     """
-    pass
+    if type_map is None:
+        return type_
+
+    if isinstance(type_, TypeVar):
+        return type_map.get(type_, type_)
+
+    if isinstance(type_, (typing_base, types.GenericAlias)):
+        args = getattr(type_, '__args__', ())
+        if not args:
+            return type_
+        new_args = tuple(replace_types(arg, type_map) for arg in args)
+        if all_identical(args, new_args):
+            return type_
+        return type_[new_args]
+
+    if is_model_class(type_) and hasattr(type_, '__pydantic_generic_metadata__'):
+        metadata = type_.__pydantic_generic_metadata__
+        new_args = tuple(replace_types(arg, type_map) for arg in metadata['args'])
+        if all_identical(metadata['args'], new_args):
+            return type_
+        return create_generic_submodel(type_.__name__, type_, new_args, metadata['parameters'])
+
+    return type_


 def has_instance_in_type(type_: Any, isinstance_target: Any) ->bool:
     """Checks if the type, or any of its arbitrary nested args, satisfy
     `isinstance(<type>, isinstance_target)`.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(type_, isinstance_target):
+        return True
+
+    if hasattr(type_, '__args__'):
+        return any(has_instance_in_type(arg, isinstance_target) for arg in type_.__args__)
+
+    if is_model_class(type_) and hasattr(type_, '__pydantic_generic_metadata__'):
+        metadata = type_.__pydantic_generic_metadata__
+        return any(has_instance_in_type(arg, isinstance_target) for arg in metadata['args'])
+
+    return False


 def check_parameters_count(cls: type[BaseModel], parameters: tuple[Any, ...]
@@ -197,7 +274,12 @@ def check_parameters_count(cls: type[BaseModel], parameters: tuple[Any, ...]
     Raises:
         TypeError: If the passed parameters count is not equal to generic model parameters count.
     """
-    pass
+    if not hasattr(cls, '__pydantic_generic_metadata__'):
+        raise TypeError(f'{cls.__name__} is not a generic model')
+
+    expected_params = cls.__pydantic_generic_metadata__['parameters']
+    if len(parameters) != len(expected_params):
+        raise TypeError(f'Expected {len(expected_params)} type arguments, got {len(parameters)}')


 _generic_recursion_cache: ContextVar[set[str] | None] = ContextVar(
@@ -214,7 +296,25 @@ def generic_recursion_self_type(origin: type[BaseModel], args: tuple[Any, ...]
     can be used while building the core schema, and will produce a schema_ref that will be valid in the
     final parent schema.
     """
-    pass
+    cache = _generic_recursion_cache.get()
+    if cache is None:
+        cache = set()
+        token = _generic_recursion_cache.set(cache)
+    else:
+        token = None
+
+    key = (origin, args)
+    if key in cache:
+        yield PydanticRecursiveRef(origin.__name__)
+    else:
+        cache.add(key)
+        try:
+            yield None
+        finally:
+            cache.remove(key)
+
+    if token is not None:
+        _generic_recursion_cache.reset(token)


 def get_cached_generic_type_early(parent: type[BaseModel], typevar_values: Any
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_git.py b/pydantic/_internal/_git.py
index c2419c23..c1c58256 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_git.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_git.py
@@ -6,14 +6,44 @@ import subprocess

 def is_git_repo(dir: str) ->bool:
     """Is the given directory version-controlled with git?"""
-    pass
+    try:
+        subprocess.run(
+            ['git', 'rev-parse', '--is-inside-work-tree'],
+            cwd=dir,
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True
+        )
+        return True
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        return False


 def have_git() ->bool:
     """Can we run the git executable?"""
-    pass
+    try:
+        subprocess.run(
+            ['git', '--version'],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True
+        )
+        return True
+    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
+        return False


 def git_revision(dir: str) ->str:
     """Get the SHA-1 of the HEAD of a git repository."""
-    pass
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ['git', 'rev-parse', 'HEAD'],
+            cwd=dir,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True,
+            text=True
+        )
+        return result.stdout.strip()
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        return 'unknown'
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_known_annotated_metadata.py b/pydantic/_internal/_known_annotated_metadata.py
index 4df2ee94..bbcab0c5 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_known_annotated_metadata.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_known_annotated_metadata.py
@@ -78,7 +78,16 @@ def expand_grouped_metadata(annotations: Iterable[Any]) ->Iterable[Any]:
         #> [Ge(ge=4), MinLen(min_length=5)]
         ```
     """
-    pass
+    from annotated_types import GroupedMetadata, Len, MinLen, MaxLen
+
+    for annotation in annotations:
+        if isinstance(annotation, GroupedMetadata):
+            yield from annotation.metadata
+        elif isinstance(annotation, Len):
+            yield MinLen(annotation.min_length)
+            yield MaxLen(annotation.max_length)
+        else:
+            yield annotation


 @lru_cache
@@ -90,7 +99,26 @@ def _get_at_to_constraint_map() ->dict[type, str]:
     the import time of `pydantic`. We still only want to have this dictionary defined in one place,
     so we use this function to cache the result.
     """
-    pass
+    from annotated_types import (
+        Gt, Ge, Lt, Le, MultipleOf, MinLen, MaxLen, Len,
+        Predicate, Timezone, Interval, AfterDateTime, BeforeDateTime
+    )
+
+    return {
+        Gt: 'gt',
+        Ge: 'ge',
+        Lt: 'lt',
+        Le: 'le',
+        MultipleOf: 'multiple_of',
+        MinLen: 'min_length',
+        MaxLen: 'max_length',
+        Len: 'length',
+        Predicate: 'predicate',
+        Timezone: 'timezone',
+        Interval: 'interval',
+        AfterDateTime: 'after_datetime',
+        BeforeDateTime: 'before_datetime',
+    }


 def apply_known_metadata(annotation: Any, schema: CoreSchema) ->(CoreSchema |
@@ -113,7 +141,31 @@ def apply_known_metadata(annotation: Any, schema: CoreSchema) ->(CoreSchema |
     Raises:
         PydanticCustomError: If `Predicate` fails.
     """
-    pass
+    from annotated_types import Predicate
+
+    at_to_constraint = _get_at_to_constraint_map()
+    annotation_type = type(annotation)
+
+    if annotation_type not in at_to_constraint:
+        return None
+
+    constraint = at_to_constraint[annotation_type]
+    new_schema = copy(schema)
+
+    if constraint == 'predicate':
+        if not callable(annotation.func):
+            raise PydanticCustomError(
+                'invalid_predicate',
+                'Invalid predicate function'
+            )
+        new_schema['predicate'] = annotation.func
+    elif constraint in CONSTRAINTS_TO_ALLOWED_SCHEMAS:
+        allowed_schemas = CONSTRAINTS_TO_ALLOWED_SCHEMAS[constraint]
+        if schema['type'] not in allowed_schemas:
+            return None
+        new_schema[constraint] = getattr(annotation, constraint)
+
+    return new_schema


 def collect_known_metadata(annotations: Iterable[Any]) ->tuple[dict[str,
@@ -136,7 +188,23 @@ def collect_known_metadata(annotations: Iterable[Any]) ->tuple[dict[str,
         #> ({'gt': 1, 'min_length': 42}, [Ellipsis])
         ```
     """
-    pass
+    known_metadata = {}
+    unknown_annotations = []
+    at_to_constraint = _get_at_to_constraint_map()
+
+    for annotation in expand_grouped_metadata(annotations):
+        annotation_type = type(annotation)
+        if annotation_type in at_to_constraint:
+            constraint = at_to_constraint[annotation_type]
+            if constraint == 'length':
+                known_metadata['min_length'] = annotation.min_length
+                known_metadata['max_length'] = annotation.max_length
+            else:
+                known_metadata[constraint] = getattr(annotation, constraint)
+        else:
+            unknown_annotations.append(annotation)
+
+    return known_metadata, unknown_annotations


 def check_metadata(metadata: dict[str, Any], allowed: Iterable[str],
@@ -152,4 +220,11 @@ def check_metadata(metadata: dict[str, Any], allowed: Iterable[str],
     Raises:
         TypeError: If there is metadatas that can't be applied on source type.
     """
-    pass
+    allowed_set = set(allowed)
+    invalid_constraints = set(metadata.keys()) - allowed_set
+    if invalid_constraints:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"The following constraints cannot be applied to a {source_type}: "
+            f"{', '.join(invalid_constraints)}. "
+            f"Allowed constraints are: {', '.join(allowed_set)}"
+        )
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_mock_val_ser.py b/pydantic/_internal/_mock_val_ser.py
index ff4c6139..6a5f3b73 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_mock_val_ser.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_mock_val_ser.py
@@ -34,6 +34,16 @@ class MockCoreSchema(Mapping[str, Any]):
     def __iter__(self) ->Iterator[str]:
         return self._get_built().__iter__()

+    def _get_built(self) -> CoreSchema:
+        if self._built_memo is None:
+            if self._attempt_rebuild:
+                rebuilt = self._attempt_rebuild()
+                if rebuilt is not None:
+                    self._built_memo = rebuilt
+                    return self._built_memo
+            raise PydanticUserError(self._error_message, code=self._code)
+        return self._built_memo
+

 class MockValSer(Generic[ValSer]):
     """Mocker for `pydantic_core.SchemaValidator` or `pydantic_core.SchemaSerializer` which optionally attempts to
@@ -69,7 +79,17 @@ def set_model_mocks(cls: type[BaseModel], cls_name: str, undefined_name:
         cls_name: Name of the model class, used in error messages
         undefined_name: Name of the undefined thing, used in error messages
     """
-    pass
+    error_message = f"The model '{cls_name}' is not fully defined; {undefined_name} have not been imported yet"
+    cls.__pydantic_validator__ = MockValSer(
+        error_message,
+        code=PydanticErrorCodes.model_not_fully_defined,
+        val_or_ser='validator'
+    )
+    cls.__pydantic_serializer__ = MockValSer(
+        error_message,
+        code=PydanticErrorCodes.model_not_fully_defined,
+        val_or_ser='serializer'
+    )


 def set_dataclass_mocks(cls: type[PydanticDataclass], cls_name: str,
@@ -81,4 +101,14 @@ def set_dataclass_mocks(cls: type[PydanticDataclass], cls_name: str,
         cls_name: Name of the model class, used in error messages
         undefined_name: Name of the undefined thing, used in error messages
     """
-    pass
+    error_message = f"The dataclass '{cls_name}' is not fully defined; {undefined_name} have not been imported yet"
+    cls.__pydantic_validator__ = MockValSer(
+        error_message,
+        code=PydanticErrorCodes.dataclass_not_fully_defined,
+        val_or_ser='validator'
+    )
+    cls.__pydantic_serializer__ = MockValSer(
+        error_message,
+        code=PydanticErrorCodes.dataclass_not_fully_defined,
+        val_or_ser='serializer'
+    )
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py b/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py
index f8876857..680a15b1 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py
@@ -231,7 +231,12 @@ def init_private_attributes(self: BaseModel, context: Any, /) ->None:
 def get_model_post_init(namespace: dict[str, Any], bases: tuple[type[Any], ...]
     ) ->(Callable[..., Any] | None):
     """Get the `model_post_init` method from the namespace or the class bases, or `None` if not defined."""
-    pass
+    if 'model_post_init' in namespace:
+        return namespace['model_post_init']
+    for base in bases:
+        if hasattr(base, 'model_post_init'):
+            return getattr(base, 'model_post_init')
+    return None


 def inspect_namespace(namespace: dict[str, Any], ignored_types: tuple[type[
@@ -257,7 +262,43 @@ def inspect_namespace(namespace: dict[str, Any], ignored_types: tuple[type[
             - If a field does not have a type annotation.
             - If a field on base class was overridden by a non-annotated attribute.
     """
-    pass
+    from ..fields import ModelPrivateAttr
+    from ..errors import PydanticUserError
+
+    private_attributes: dict[str, ModelPrivateAttr] = {}
+    annotations = namespace.get('__annotations__', {})
+
+    if '__root__' in namespace:
+        raise TypeError("To define a 'root model', use `pydantic.RootModel` rather than a field called '__root__'")
+
+    for name, value in namespace.items():
+        if name.startswith('__'):
+            continue
+
+        if isinstance(value, ModelPrivateAttr):
+            if name.startswith('_'):
+                private_attributes[name] = value
+            else:
+                raise NameError(
+                    f'Private attributes "{name}" must not be a valid field name; '
+                    f'Use sunder or dunder names, e.g. "_{name}" or "__{name}__"'
+                )
+        elif not is_valid_field_name(name):
+            continue
+        elif name in base_class_fields and name not in annotations:
+            raise PydanticUserError(
+                f'Field "{name}" defined on a base class was overridden by a non-annotated attribute. '
+                f'All fields must be annotated. '
+                f'To avoid this error, use `{name}: {type(value).__name__} = ...`',
+                code='model-field-overridden',
+            )
+        elif name not in annotations:
+            if name in base_class_vars:
+                continue
+            if not isinstance(value, ignored_types):
+                warnings.warn(f'Field "{name}" has no type annotation', UserWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+    return private_attributes


 def set_model_fields(cls: type[BaseModel], bases: tuple[type[Any], ...],
@@ -270,7 +311,18 @@ def set_model_fields(cls: type[BaseModel], bases: tuple[type[Any], ...],
         config_wrapper: The config wrapper instance.
         types_namespace: Optional extra namespace to look for types in.
     """
-    pass
+    from ..fields import FieldInfo
+
+    cls.model_fields, cls.__class_vars__ = collect_model_fields(
+        cls,
+        bases,
+        config_wrapper,
+        types_namespace,
+    )
+
+    for field in cls.model_fields.values():
+        if isinstance(field, FieldInfo):
+            field.set_config(config_wrapper)


 def complete_model_class(cls: type[BaseModel], cls_name: str,
@@ -297,12 +349,53 @@ def complete_model_class(cls: type[BaseModel], cls_name: str,
         PydanticUndefinedAnnotation: If `PydanticUndefinedAnnotation` occurs in`__get_pydantic_core_schema__`
             and `raise_errors=True`.
     """
-    pass
+    from ..errors import PydanticUndefinedAnnotation
+
+    if cls.__pydantic_complete__:
+        return True
+
+    try:
+        types_namespace = types_namespace or {}
+        model_module = create_model_module or cls.__module__
+        cls.__pydantic_core_schema__ = GenerateSchema(
+            config_wrapper,
+            types_namespace,
+            model_module,
+        ).generate_schema(cls)
+
+        cls.__pydantic_validator__ = create_schema_validator(
+            cls.__pydantic_core_schema__,
+            cls,
+            config_wrapper.config_dict,
+            cls_name,
+        )
+        cls.__pydantic_serializer__ = SchemaSerializer(cls.__pydantic_core_schema__)
+
+        set_model_mocks(cls)
+        cls.__pydantic_complete__ = True
+        return True
+    except PydanticUndefinedAnnotation as e:
+        if raise_errors:
+            raise
+        warnings.warn(str(e), UserWarning)
+        return False


 def set_deprecated_descriptors(cls: type[BaseModel]) ->None:
     """Set data descriptors on the class for deprecated fields."""
-    pass
+    for field_name, field in cls.model_fields.items():
+        if field.deprecated:
+            msg = f'The field "{field_name}" is deprecated'
+            if isinstance(field.deprecated, str):
+                msg += f', {field.deprecated}'
+            setattr(cls, field_name, _DeprecatedFieldDescriptor(msg))
+
+    for name, decorator_info in cls.__pydantic_decorators__.computed_fields.items():
+        if decorator_info.info.deprecated:
+            msg = f'The computed_field "{name}" is deprecated'
+            if isinstance(decorator_info.info.deprecated, str):
+                msg += f', {decorator_info.info.deprecated}'
+            setattr(cls, name, _DeprecatedFieldDescriptor(msg, decorator_info.wrapped))


 class _DeprecatedFieldDescriptor:
@@ -379,10 +472,14 @@ def build_lenient_weakvaluedict(d: (dict[str, Any] | None)) ->(dict[str,

     The `unpack_lenient_weakvaluedict` function can be used to reverse this operation.
     """
-    pass
+    if d is None:
+        return None
+    return {k: _PydanticWeakRef(v) for k, v in d.items()}


 def unpack_lenient_weakvaluedict(d: (dict[str, Any] | None)) ->(dict[str,
     Any] | None):
     """Inverts the transform performed by `build_lenient_weakvaluedict`."""
-    pass
+    if d is None:
+        return None
+    return {k: v() for k, v in d.items()}
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_repr.py b/pydantic/_internal/_repr.py
index ad15026c..46212ae8 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_repr.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_repr.py
@@ -80,4 +80,25 @@ def display_as_type(obj: Any) ->str:

     Takes some logic from `typing._type_repr`.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(obj, type):
+        if obj.__module__ == 'builtins':
+            return obj.__qualname__
+        return f'{obj.__module__}.{obj.__qualname__}'
+    
+    if obj is ...:
+        return '...'
+    
+    if obj is Any:
+        return 'Any'
+    
+    if isinstance(obj, _typing_extra.TypeAliasType):
+        return obj.__name__
+    
+    if isinstance(obj, types.GenericAlias):
+        params = ', '.join(display_as_type(param) for param in obj.__args__)
+        return f'{obj.__origin__.__name__}[{params}]'
+    
+    if isinstance(obj, _typing_extra.TypeVar):
+        return obj.__name__
+    
+    return repr(obj)
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_schema_generation_shared.py b/pydantic/_internal/_schema_generation_shared.py
index 34203092..c0845567 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_schema_generation_shared.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_schema_generation_shared.py
@@ -47,7 +47,16 @@ class GenerateJsonSchemaHandler(GetJsonSchemaHandler):
         Raises:
             LookupError: If it can't find the definition for `$ref`.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(maybe_ref_json_schema, dict) and '$ref' in maybe_ref_json_schema:
+            ref = maybe_ref_json_schema['$ref']
+            if not ref.startswith('#/definitions/'):
+                raise ValueError(f"Invalid $ref format: {ref}")
+            definition_key = ref[len('#/definitions/'):]
+            try:
+                return self.generate_json_schema.definitions[definition_key]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise LookupError(f"Definition not found for $ref: {ref}")
+        return maybe_ref_json_schema


 class CallbackGetCoreSchemaHandler(GetCoreSchemaHandler):
@@ -88,4 +97,10 @@ class CallbackGetCoreSchemaHandler(GetCoreSchemaHandler):
         Raises:
             LookupError: If it can't find the definition for reference.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(maybe_ref_schema, dict) and 'ref' in maybe_ref_schema:
+            ref = maybe_ref_schema['ref']
+            try:
+                return self._generate_schema.defs.definitions[ref]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise LookupError(f"Definition not found for reference: {ref}")
+        return maybe_ref_schema
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_signature.py b/pydantic/_internal/_signature.py
index f5663caa..da9f9662 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_signature.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_signature.py
@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ def _field_name_for_signature(field_name: str, field_info: FieldInfo) ->str:
     Returns:
         The correct name to use when generating a signature.
     """
-    pass
+    if field_info.validation_alias and isinstance(field_info.validation_alias, str) and is_valid_identifier(field_info.validation_alias):
+        return field_info.validation_alias
+    elif field_info.alias and is_valid_identifier(field_info.alias):
+        return field_info.alias
+    return field_name


 def _process_param_defaults(param: Parameter) ->Parameter:
@@ -34,13 +38,38 @@ def _process_param_defaults(param: Parameter) ->Parameter:
     Returns:
         Parameter: The custom processed parameter
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(param.default, FieldInfo):
+        default = param.default.default
+        if default is PydanticUndefined:
+            default = Parameter.empty
+        return param.replace(default=default)
+    return param


 def _generate_signature_parameters(init: Callable[..., None], fields: dict[
     str, FieldInfo], config_wrapper: ConfigWrapper) ->dict[str, Parameter]:
     """Generate a mapping of parameter names to Parameter objects for a pydantic BaseModel or dataclass."""
-    pass
+    init_signature = signature(init)
+    parameters = {}
+
+    for name, param in init_signature.parameters.items():
+        if name == 'self':
+            continue
+        if name in fields:
+            field_info = fields[name]
+            param_name = _field_name_for_signature(name, field_info)
+            default = field_info.default if field_info.default is not PydanticUndefined else Parameter.empty
+            annotation = field_info.annotation if field_info.annotation is not PydanticUndefined else param.annotation
+            parameters[param_name] = Parameter(
+                param_name,
+                kind=param.kind,
+                default=default,
+                annotation=annotation
+            )
+        else:
+            parameters[name] = param
+
+    return parameters


 def generate_pydantic_signature(init: Callable[..., None], fields: dict[str,
@@ -57,4 +86,12 @@ def generate_pydantic_signature(init: Callable[..., None], fields: dict[str,
     Returns:
         The dataclass/BaseModel subclass signature.
     """
-    pass
+    parameters = _generate_signature_parameters(init, fields, config_wrapper)
+    
+    if is_dataclass:
+        parameters = {name: _process_param_defaults(param) for name, param in parameters.items()}
+    
+    return Signature(
+        parameters=list(parameters.values()),
+        return_annotation=Signature.empty
+    )
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_typing_extra.py b/pydantic/_internal/_typing_extra.py
index 1caf85c1..ae6213a6 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_typing_extra.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_typing_extra.py
@@ -52,14 +52,29 @@ def all_literal_values(type_: type[Any]) ->list[Any]:
     Literal can be used recursively (see https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0586)
     e.g. `Literal[Literal[Literal[1, 2, 3], "foo"], 5, None]`.
     """
-    pass
+    if get_origin(type_) in LITERAL_TYPES:
+        values = []
+        for arg in get_args(type_):
+            if get_origin(arg) in LITERAL_TYPES:
+                values.extend(all_literal_values(arg))
+            else:
+                values.append(arg)
+        return values
+    raise ValueError(f"{type_} is not a Literal type")


 def is_namedtuple(type_: type[Any]) ->bool:
     """Check if a given class is a named tuple.
     It can be either a `typing.NamedTuple` or `collections.namedtuple`.
     """
-    pass
+    return (
+        isinstance(type_, type) and
+        issubclass(type_, tuple) and
+        hasattr(type_, '_fields') and
+        hasattr(type_, '_field_defaults') and
+        hasattr(type_, '_make') and
+        hasattr(type_, '_replace')
+    )


 test_new_type = typing.NewType('test_new_type', str)
@@ -70,12 +85,12 @@ def is_new_type(type_: type[Any]) ->bool:

     Can't use isinstance because it fails <3.10.
     """
-    pass
+    return hasattr(type_, '__supertype__') and callable(type_)


 def _check_finalvar(v: (type[Any] | None)) ->bool:
     """Check if a given type is a `typing.Final` type."""
-    pass
+    return v is not None and get_origin(v) is typing.Final


 def parent_frame_namespace(*, parent_depth: int=2) ->(dict[str, Any] | None):
@@ -90,7 +105,12 @@ def parent_frame_namespace(*, parent_depth: int=2) ->(dict[str, Any] | None):
     dict of exactly what's in scope. Using `f_back` would work sometimes but would be very wrong and confusing in many
     other cases. See https://discuss.python.org/t/is-there-a-way-to-access-parent-nested-namespaces/20659.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        frame = sys._getframe(parent_depth)
+    except ValueError:  # pragma: no cover
+        return None
+    else:
+        return frame.f_locals


 def get_cls_type_hints_lenient(obj: Any, globalns: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None
@@ -99,13 +119,27 @@ def get_cls_type_hints_lenient(obj: Any, globalns: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None

     Unlike `typing.get_type_hints`, this function will not error if a forward reference is not resolvable.
     """
-    pass
+    hints = {}
+    for base in reversed(obj.__mro__):
+        if base is object:
+            continue
+        base_hints = base.__dict__.get('__annotations__', {})
+        for name, value in base_hints.items():
+            if isinstance(value, str):
+                value = eval_type_lenient(value, globalns, {})
+            hints[name] = value
+    return hints


 def eval_type_lenient(value: Any, globalns: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None,
     localns: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None) ->Any:
     """Behaves like typing._eval_type, except it won't raise an error if a forward reference can't be resolved."""
-    pass
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        try:
+            value = eval(value, globalns, localns)
+        except NameError:
+            return value
+    return value


 def eval_type_backport(value: Any, globalns: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None,
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_utils.py b/pydantic/_internal/_utils.py
index 5353dcfc..019c1756 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_utils.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_utils.py
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ def is_model_class(cls: Any) ->TypeGuard[type[BaseModel]]:
     """Returns true if cls is a _proper_ subclass of BaseModel, and provides proper type-checking,
     unlike raw calls to lenient_issubclass.
     """
-    pass
+    from ..main import BaseModel
+    return isinstance(cls, type) and issubclass(cls, BaseModel) and cls is not BaseModel


 def is_valid_identifier(identifier: str) ->bool:
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ def is_valid_identifier(identifier: str) ->bool:
     :param identifier: The identifier to test.
     :return: True if the identifier is valid.
     """
-    pass
+    return identifier.isidentifier() and not keyword.iskeyword(identifier)


 KeyType = TypeVar('KeyType')
@@ -53,7 +54,18 @@ def unique_list(input_list: (list[T] | tuple[T, ...]), *, name_factory:
     We update the list if another one with the same name is set
     (e.g. model validator overridden in subclass).
     """
-    pass
+    result = []
+    seen = set()
+    for item in input_list:
+        name = name_factory(item)
+        if name not in seen:
+            seen.add(name)
+            result.append(item)
+        else:
+            # Update existing item with the same name
+            index = next(i for i, x in enumerate(result) if name_factory(x) == name)
+            result[index] = item
+    return result


 class ValueItems(_repr.Representation):
@@ -72,21 +84,23 @@ class ValueItems(_repr.Representation):

         :param item: key or index of a value
         """
-        pass
+        return item in self._items and self._items[item] is False

     def is_included(self, item: Any) ->bool:
         """Check if value is contained in self._items.

         :param item: key or index of value
         """
-        pass
+        return item in self._items and self._items[item] is not False

     def for_element(self, e: (int | str)) ->(AbstractSetIntStr |
         MappingIntStrAny | None):
         """:param e: key or index of element on value
         :return: raw values for element if self._items is dict and contain needed element
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(self._items, Mapping):
+            return self._items.get(e)
+        return None

     def _normalize_indexes(self, items: MappingIntStrAny, v_length: int
         ) ->dict[int | str, Any]:
@@ -98,7 +112,18 @@ class ValueItems(_repr.Representation):
         >>> self._normalize_indexes({'__all__': True}, 4)
         {0: True, 1: True, 2: True, 3: True}
         """
-        pass
+        if '__all__' in items:
+            return {i: True for i in range(v_length)}
+        normalized = {}
+        for i, v in items.items():
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += v_length
+                if 0 <= i < v_length:
+                    normalized[i] = v
+            else:
+                normalized[i] = v
+        return normalized

     @classmethod
     def merge(cls, base: Any, override: Any, intersect: bool=False) ->Any:
@@ -115,7 +140,36 @@ class ValueItems(_repr.Representation):
         set to `False` (default) and on the intersection of keys if
         `intersect` is set to `True`.
         """
-        pass
+        base = cls._items_to_dict(base)
+        override = cls._items_to_dict(override)
+
+        if intersect:
+            keys = set(base.keys()) & set(override.keys())
+        else:
+            keys = set(base.keys()) | set(override.keys())
+
+        merged = {}
+        for k in keys:
+            if k in base and k in override:
+                if isinstance(base[k], dict) and isinstance(override[k], dict):
+                    merged[k] = cls.merge(base[k], override[k], intersect)
+                else:
+                    merged[k] = override[k]
+            elif k in base:
+                merged[k] = base[k]
+            else:
+                merged[k] = override[k]
+
+        return merged
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _items_to_dict(items: Any) ->dict:
+        if isinstance(items, dict):
+            return items
+        elif isinstance(items, (set, frozenset)):
+            return {k: ... for k in items}
+        else:
+            return {}

     def __repr_args__(self) ->_repr.ReprArgs:
         return [(None, self._items)]
@@ -146,7 +200,12 @@ def smart_deepcopy(obj: Obj) ->Obj:
     Use obj.copy() for built-in empty collections
     Use copy.deepcopy() for non-empty collections and unknown objects.
     """
-    pass
+    if type(obj) in IMMUTABLE_NON_COLLECTIONS_TYPES:
+        return obj
+    if type(obj) in BUILTIN_COLLECTIONS:
+        if not obj:  # Empty collection
+            return obj.copy()
+    return deepcopy(obj)


 _SENTINEL = object()
@@ -162,7 +221,7 @@ def all_identical(left: typing.Iterable[Any], right: typing.Iterable[Any]
     >>> all_identical([a, b, [a]], [a, b, [a]])  # new list object, while "equal" is not "identical"
     False
     """
-    pass
+    return all(l is r for l, r in zip_longest(left, right, fillvalue=_SENTINEL))


 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
diff --git a/pydantic/_internal/_validators.py b/pydantic/_internal/_validators.py
index 2f7d67f4..bbc80f7e 100644
--- a/pydantic/_internal/_validators.py
+++ b/pydantic/_internal/_validators.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from pydantic_core._pydantic_core import PydanticKnownError
 def sequence_validator(input_value: typing.Sequence[Any], /, validator:
     core_schema.ValidatorFunctionWrapHandler) ->typing.Sequence[Any]:
     """Validator for `Sequence` types, isinstance(v, Sequence) has already been called."""
-    pass
+    return [validator(item) for item in input_value]


 def _import_string_logic(dotted_path: str) ->Any:
@@ -36,7 +36,27 @@ def _import_string_logic(dotted_path: str) ->Any:
     * the substring of `dotted_path` before the colon is not a valid module in the environment (e.g., '123:Mapping')
     * the substring of `dotted_path` after the colon is not an attribute of the module (e.g., 'collections:abc123')
     """
-    pass
+    if dotted_path.count(':') > 1:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid dotted path: too many colons")
+
+    if ':' in dotted_path:
+        module_path, attribute = dotted_path.split(':')
+    else:
+        module_path, attribute = dotted_path, None
+
+    try:
+        module = __import__(module_path, fromlist=['__trash'])
+        for chunk in module_path.split('.')[1:]:
+            module = getattr(module, chunk)
+    except ImportError:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unable to import module: {module_path}")
+
+    if attribute:
+        try:
+            return getattr(module, attribute)
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise ValueError(f"Attribute {attribute} not found in module {module_path}")
+    return module


 PatternType = typing.TypeVar('PatternType', str, bytes)
@@ -48,7 +68,13 @@ def ip_v4_network_validator(input_value: Any, /) ->IPv4Network:
     See more:
     https://docs.python.org/library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv4Network
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        return IPv4Network(input_value)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise PydanticCustomError(
+            'ip_v4_network',
+            'Input is not a valid IPv4 network address'
+        )


 def ip_v6_network_validator(input_value: Any, /) ->IPv6Network:
@@ -57,7 +83,13 @@ def ip_v6_network_validator(input_value: Any, /) ->IPv6Network:
     See more:
     https://docs.python.org/library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv6Network
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        return IPv6Network(input_value)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise PydanticCustomError(
+            'ip_v6_network',
+            'Input is not a valid IPv6 network address'
+        )


 _CONSTRAINT_TO_VALIDATOR_MAP: dict[str, Callable] = {'gt':
@@ -69,4 +101,7 @@ _CONSTRAINT_TO_VALIDATOR_MAP: dict[str, Callable] = {'gt':

 def get_constraint_validator(constraint: str) ->Callable:
     """Fetch the validator function for the given constraint."""
-    pass
+    validator = _CONSTRAINT_TO_VALIDATOR_MAP.get(constraint)
+    if validator is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown constraint: {constraint}")
+    return validator
diff --git a/pydantic/_migration.py b/pydantic/_migration.py
index ef115aae..942a3bfa 100644
--- a/pydantic/_migration.py
+++ b/pydantic/_migration.py
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ REMOVED_IN_V2 = {'pydantic:ConstrainedBytes', 'pydantic:ConstrainedDate',
     'pydantic:validate_model'}


-def getattr_migration(module: str) ->Callable[[str], Any]:
+def getattr_migration(module: str) -> Callable[[str], Any]:
     """Implement PEP 562 for objects that were either moved or removed on the migration
     to V2.

@@ -166,4 +166,35 @@ def getattr_migration(module: str) ->Callable[[str], Any]:
     Returns:
         A callable that will raise an error if the object is not found.
     """
-    pass
+    def __getattr__(name: str) -> Any:
+        full_name = f"{module}:{name}"
+        if full_name in MOVED_IN_V2:
+            new_location = MOVED_IN_V2[full_name]
+            new_module, new_name = new_location.split(':')
+            import_path = f"from {new_module} import {new_name} as moved_obj"
+            exec(import_path)
+            return locals()['moved_obj']
+        elif full_name in DEPRECATED_MOVED_IN_V2:
+            new_location = DEPRECATED_MOVED_IN_V2[full_name]
+            new_module, new_name = new_location.split(':')
+            import_path = f"from {new_module} import {new_name} as moved_obj"
+            exec(import_path)
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn(f"{full_name} is deprecated, use {new_location} instead", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return locals()['moved_obj']
+        elif full_name in REDIRECT_TO_V1:
+            new_location = REDIRECT_TO_V1[full_name]
+            new_module, new_name = new_location.split(':')
+            import_path = f"from {new_module} import {new_name} as moved_obj"
+            exec(import_path)
+            return locals()['moved_obj']
+        elif full_name in REMOVED_IN_V2:
+            raise AttributeError(
+                f"{full_name} was removed in Pydantic V2. "
+                f"Check the migration guide for more information: "
+                f"https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/"
+            )
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(f"module '{module}' has no attribute '{name}'")
+
+    return __getattr__
diff --git a/pydantic/alias_generators.py b/pydantic/alias_generators.py
index c68d768b..1667bd0c 100644
--- a/pydantic/alias_generators.py
+++ b/pydantic/alias_generators.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def to_pascal(snake: str) ->str:
     Returns:
         The PascalCase string.
     """
-    pass
+    return ''.join(word.capitalize() for word in snake.split('_'))


 def to_camel(snake: str) ->str:
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ def to_camel(snake: str) ->str:
     Returns:
         The converted camelCase string.
     """
-    pass
+    words = snake.split('_')
+    return words[0] + ''.join(word.capitalize() for word in words[1:])


 def to_snake(camel: str) ->str:
@@ -36,4 +37,10 @@ def to_snake(camel: str) ->str:
     Returns:
         The converted string in snake_case.
     """
-    pass
+    # Handle kebab-case first
+    if '-' in camel:
+        return camel.replace('-', '_').lower()
+    
+    # Handle PascalCase and camelCase
+    pattern = re.compile(r'(?<!^)(?=[A-Z])')
+    return pattern.sub('_', camel).lower()
diff --git a/pydantic/aliases.py b/pydantic/aliases.py
index a6947b0c..7141b03c 100644
--- a/pydantic/aliases.py
+++ b/pydantic/aliases.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class AliasPath:
         Returns:
             The list of aliases.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.path

     def search_dict_for_path(self, d: dict) ->Any:
         """Searches a dictionary for the path specified by the alias.
@@ -35,7 +35,13 @@ class AliasPath:
         Returns:
             The value at the specified path, or `PydanticUndefined` if the path is not found.
         """
-        pass
+        current = d
+        for key in self.path:
+            if isinstance(current, dict) and key in current:
+                current = current[key]
+            else:
+                return PydanticUndefined
+        return current


 @dataclasses.dataclass(**_internal_dataclass.slots_true)
@@ -59,7 +65,10 @@ class AliasChoices:
         Returns:
             The list of aliases.
         """
-        pass
+        return [
+            [choice] if isinstance(choice, str) else choice.convert_to_aliases()
+            for choice in self.choices
+        ]


 @dataclasses.dataclass(**_internal_dataclass.slots_true)
@@ -87,7 +96,14 @@ class AliasGenerator:
         Raises:
             TypeError: If the alias generator produces an invalid type.
         """
-        pass
+        generator = getattr(self, alias_kind)
+        if generator is None:
+            return None
+        
+        alias = generator(field_name)
+        if not isinstance(alias, allowed_types):
+            raise TypeError(f"{alias_kind} must be one of {allowed_types}, not {type(alias)}")
+        return alias

     def generate_aliases(self, field_name: str) ->tuple[str | None, str |
         AliasPath | AliasChoices | None, str | None]:
@@ -96,4 +112,7 @@ class AliasGenerator:
         Returns:
             A tuple of three aliases - validation, alias, and serialization.
         """
-        pass
+        alias = self._generate_alias('alias', (str,), field_name)
+        validation_alias = self._generate_alias('validation_alias', (str, AliasPath, AliasChoices), field_name)
+        serialization_alias = self._generate_alias('serialization_alias', (str,), field_name)
+        return alias, validation_alias, serialization_alias
diff --git a/pydantic/annotated_handlers.py b/pydantic/annotated_handlers.py
index 92a4df50..3eae10c8 100644
--- a/pydantic/annotated_handlers.py
+++ b/pydantic/annotated_handlers.py
@@ -49,7 +49,12 @@ class GetJsonSchemaHandler:
         Returns:
             JsonSchemaValue: A JsonSchemaValue that has no `$ref`.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(maybe_ref_json_schema, dict) and '$ref' in maybe_ref_json_schema:
+            ref = maybe_ref_json_schema['$ref']
+            # Here we would typically look up the reference in a schema store
+            # For this implementation, we'll raise a LookupError
+            raise LookupError(f"Reference '{ref}' not found")
+        return maybe_ref_json_schema


 class GetCoreSchemaHandler:
@@ -83,7 +88,7 @@ class GetCoreSchemaHandler:
         Returns:
             CoreSchema: The `pydantic-core` CoreSchema generated.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.__call__(source_type)

     def resolve_ref_schema(self, maybe_ref_schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, /
         ) ->core_schema.CoreSchema:
@@ -100,13 +105,24 @@ class GetCoreSchemaHandler:
         Returns:
             A concrete `CoreSchema`.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(maybe_ref_schema, dict) and maybe_ref_schema.get('type') == 'definition-ref':
+            ref = maybe_ref_schema.get('schema_ref')
+            if ref is None:
+                raise LookupError("Invalid definition-ref schema: missing 'schema_ref'")
+            # Here we would typically look up the reference in a schema store
+            # For this implementation, we'll raise a LookupError
+            raise LookupError(f"Reference '{ref}' not found")
+        return maybe_ref_schema

     @property
     def field_name(self) ->(str | None):
         """Get the name of the closest field to this validator."""
-        pass
+        # This is a placeholder implementation. In a real scenario,
+        # this would likely be set during the schema generation process.
+        return getattr(self, '_field_name', None)

     def _get_types_namespace(self) ->(dict[str, Any] | None):
         """Internal method used during type resolution for serializer annotations."""
-        pass
+        # This is a placeholder implementation. In a real scenario,
+        # this would return a dictionary of types used in the current context.
+        return getattr(self, '_types_namespace', None)
diff --git a/pydantic/color.py b/pydantic/color.py
index dae7ca3d..6548a1fc 100644
--- a/pydantic/color.py
+++ b/pydantic/color.py
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):

     def original(self) ->ColorType:
         """Original value passed to `Color`."""
-        pass
+        return self._original

     def as_named(self, *, fallback: bool=False) ->str:
         """Returns the name of the color if it can be found in `COLORS_BY_VALUE` dictionary,
@@ -115,7 +115,13 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):
         Raises:
             ValueError: When no named color is found and fallback is `False`.
         """
-        pass
+        rgb = self.as_rgb_tuple(alpha=False)
+        try:
+            return COLORS_BY_VALUE[rgb]
+        except KeyError:
+            if fallback:
+                return self.as_hex()
+            raise ValueError(f'Color {rgb} has no name')

     def as_hex(self) ->str:
         """Returns the hexadecimal representation of the color.
@@ -126,11 +132,18 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):
         Returns:
             The hexadecimal representation of the color.
         """
-        pass
+        rgba = self._rgba
+        if rgba.alpha is None:
+            return f'#{rgba.r:02x}{rgba.g:02x}{rgba.b:02x}'
+        else:
+            return f'#{rgba.r:02x}{rgba.g:02x}{rgba.b:02x}{int(rgba.alpha * 255):02x}'

     def as_rgb(self) ->str:
         """Color as an `rgb(<r>, <g>, <b>)` or `rgba(<r>, <g>, <b>, <a>)` string."""
-        pass
+        if self._rgba.alpha is None:
+            return f'rgb({self._rgba.r}, {self._rgba.g}, {self._rgba.b})'
+        else:
+            return f'rgba({self._rgba.r}, {self._rgba.g}, {self._rgba.b}, {self._rgba.alpha:.2f})'

     def as_rgb_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool]=None) ->ColorTuple:
         """Returns the color as an RGB or RGBA tuple.
@@ -146,11 +159,20 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):
             A tuple that contains the values of the red, green, and blue channels in the range 0 to 255.
                 If alpha is included, it is in the range 0 to 1.
         """
-        pass
+        if alpha is True:
+            return (self._rgba.r, self._rgba.g, self._rgba.b, self._rgba.alpha if self._rgba.alpha is not None else 1.0)
+        elif alpha is False:
+            return (self._rgba.r, self._rgba.g, self._rgba.b)
+        else:
+            return (self._rgba.r, self._rgba.g, self._rgba.b) if self._rgba.alpha is None else (self._rgba.r, self._rgba.g, self._rgba.b, self._rgba.alpha)

     def as_hsl(self) ->str:
         """Color as an `hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>)` or `hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>, <a>)` string."""
-        pass
+        h, s, l = self.as_hsl_tuple(alpha=False)
+        if self._rgba.alpha is None:
+            return f'hsl({h:.0f}, {s:.0%}, {l:.0%})'
+        else:
+            return f'hsla({h:.0f}, {s:.0%}, {l:.0%}, {self._rgba.alpha:.2f})'

     def as_hsl_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool]=None) ->HslColorTuple:
         """Returns the color as an HSL or HSLA tuple.
@@ -169,7 +191,16 @@ class Color(_repr.Representation):
         Note:
             This is HSL as used in HTML and most other places, not HLS as used in Python's `colorsys`.
         """
-        pass
+        r, g, b = self._rgba.r / 255, self._rgba.g / 255, self._rgba.b / 255
+        h, l, s = rgb_to_hls(r, g, b)
+        hsl = (h * 360 % 360, s, l)
+        
+        if alpha is True:
+            return (*hsl, self._rgba.alpha if self._rgba.alpha is not None else 1.0)
+        elif alpha is False:
+            return hsl
+        else:
+            return hsl if self._rgba.alpha is None else (*hsl, self._rgba.alpha)

     @classmethod
     def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(cls, source: Type[Any], handler:
@@ -204,7 +235,14 @@ def parse_tuple(value: Tuple[Any, ...]) ->RGBA:
     Raises:
         PydanticCustomError: If tuple is not valid.
     """
-    pass
+    if len(value) == 3:
+        r, g, b = value
+        return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b)
+    elif len(value) == 4:
+        r, g, b, a = value
+        return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b, parse_float_alpha(a))
+    else:
+        raise PydanticCustomError('color_error', 'value is not a valid RGB or RGBA tuple')


 def parse_str(value: str) ->RGBA:
@@ -227,7 +265,32 @@ def parse_str(value: str) ->RGBA:
     Raises:
         ValueError: If the input string cannot be parsed to an RGBA tuple.
     """
-    pass
+    value = value.strip().lower()
+
+    # Named color
+    if value in COLORS_BY_NAME:
+        return RGBA(*COLORS_BY_NAME[value], None)
+
+    # Hex color
+    if value.startswith(('#', '0x')):
+        value = value[2:]
+    if len(value) in (3, 4):
+        value = ''.join(2 * c for c in value)
+    if len(value) == 6:
+        rgb = int(value, 16)
+        return RGBA(rgb >> 16, (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF, rgb & 0xFF, None)
+    elif len(value) == 8:
+        rgba = int(value, 16)
+        return RGBA(rgba >> 24, (rgba >> 16) & 0xFF, (rgba >> 8) & 0xFF, (rgba & 0xFF) / 255)
+
+    # RGB(A) color
+    match = re.match(r'rgba?\((\d+),\s*(\d+),\s*(\d+)(?:,\s*([0-9.]+))?\)', value)
+    if match:
+        r, g, b = map(int, match.group(1, 2, 3))
+        a = float(match.group(4)) if match.group(4) else None
+        return RGBA(r, g, b, a)
+
+    raise ValueError(f'Could not parse color string "{value}"')


 def ints_to_rgba(r: Union[int, str], g: Union[int, str], b: Union[int, str],
diff --git a/pydantic/config.py b/pydantic/config.py
index 24abaf45..2de4b72b 100644
--- a/pydantic/config.py
+++ b/pydantic/config.py
@@ -978,7 +978,10 @@ def with_config(config: ConfigDict) ->Callable[[_TypeT], _TypeT]:
         #> {'x': 'abc'}
         ```
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(cls: _TypeT) -> _TypeT:
+        setattr(cls, '__pydantic_config__', config)
+        return cls
+    return decorator


 __getattr__ = getattr_migration(__name__)
diff --git a/pydantic/dataclasses.py b/pydantic/dataclasses.py
index cb2e2160..4cba6f43 100644
--- a/pydantic/dataclasses.py
+++ b/pydantic/dataclasses.py
@@ -56,7 +56,26 @@ def dataclass(_cls: (type[_T] | None)=None, *, init: Literal[False]=False,
     Raises:
         AssertionError: Raised if `init` is not `False` or `validate_on_init` is `False`.
     """
-    pass
+    assert init is False, "The 'init' parameter must be False for Pydantic dataclasses"
+    assert validate_on_init is not False, "The 'validate_on_init' parameter cannot be False"
+
+    def wrap(cls: type[_T]) -> type[PydanticDataclass]:
+        return _pydantic_dataclasses.create_pydantic_dataclass(
+            cls,
+            config=config,
+            repr=repr,
+            eq=eq,
+            order=order,
+            unsafe_hash=unsafe_hash,
+            frozen=frozen,
+            kw_only=kw_only,
+            slots=slots,
+        )
+
+    if _cls is None:
+        return wrap
+
+    return wrap(_cls)


 __getattr__ = getattr_migration(__name__)
@@ -92,7 +111,22 @@ def rebuild_dataclass(cls: type[PydanticDataclass], *, force: bool=False,
         Returns `None` if the schema is already "complete" and rebuilding was not required.
         If rebuilding _was_ required, returns `True` if rebuilding was successful, otherwise `False`.
     """
-    pass
+    if not force and getattr(cls, '__pydantic_complete__', False):
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        _pydantic_dataclasses.rebuild_dataclass(
+            cls,
+            force=force,
+            raise_errors=raise_errors,
+            _parent_namespace_depth=_parent_namespace_depth + 1,
+            _types_namespace=_types_namespace,
+        )
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        if raise_errors:
+            raise
+        return False


 def is_pydantic_dataclass(class_: type[Any], /) ->TypeGuard[type[
@@ -105,4 +139,4 @@ def is_pydantic_dataclass(class_: type[Any], /) ->TypeGuard[type[
     Returns:
         `True` if the class is a pydantic dataclass, `False` otherwise.
     """
-    pass
+    return isinstance(class_, type) and hasattr(class_, '__pydantic_dataclass__')
diff --git a/pydantic/deprecated/class_validators.py b/pydantic/deprecated/class_validators.py
index 5ece7422..7b9b98e5 100644
--- a/pydantic/deprecated/class_validators.py
+++ b/pydantic/deprecated/class_validators.py
@@ -100,7 +100,15 @@ def validator(__field: str, *fields: str, pre: bool=False, each_item: bool=
         Callable: A decorator that can be used to decorate a
             function to be used as a validator.
     """
-    pass
+    if allow_reuse:
+        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+    def decorator(f: _V1ValidatorType) -> _V1ValidatorType:
+        _decorators.deprecated_validator(__field, *fields, pre=pre, each_item=each_item,
+                                         always=always, check_fields=check_fields)(f)
+        return f
+
+    return decorator


 @deprecated(
@@ -122,4 +130,14 @@ def root_validator(*__args, pre: bool=False, skip_on_failure: bool=False,
     Returns:
         Any: A decorator that can be used to decorate a function to be used as a root_validator.
     """
-    pass
+    if allow_reuse:
+        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+    def decorator(f: _V1RootValidatorFunctionType) -> _V1RootValidatorFunctionType:
+        _decorators.deprecated_root_validator(pre=pre, skip_on_failure=skip_on_failure)(f)
+        return f
+
+    # Support using it as `@root_validator` or `@root_validator()`
+    if __args and callable(__args[0]):
+        return decorator(__args[0])
+    return decorator
diff --git a/pydantic/deprecated/decorator.py b/pydantic/deprecated/decorator.py
index 6be076d9..b6043a11 100644
--- a/pydantic/deprecated/decorator.py
+++ b/pydantic/deprecated/decorator.py
@@ -23,7 +23,22 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 def validate_arguments(func: Optional['AnyCallableT']=None, *, config:
     'ConfigType'=None) ->Any:
     """Decorator to validate the arguments passed to a function."""
-    pass
+    def decorator(f: AnyCallableT) -> AnyCallableT:
+        validated_func = ValidatedFunction(f, config)
+
+        @wraps(f)
+        def wrapper(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+            validated_args, validated_kwargs = validated_func.validate(*args, **kwargs)
+            return f(*validated_args, **validated_kwargs)
+
+        wrapper.vd = validated_func  # type: ignore
+        wrapper.raw_function = f  # type: ignore
+        wrapper.model = validated_func.model  # type: ignore
+        return wrapper  # type: ignore
+
+    if func:
+        return decorator(func)
+    return decorator


 ALT_V_ARGS = 'v__args'
@@ -87,3 +102,72 @@ class ValidatedFunction:
         if not takes_kwargs:
             fields[self.v_kwargs_name] = Dict[Any, Any], None
         self.create_model(fields, takes_args, takes_kwargs, config)
+
+    def create_model(self, fields: Dict[str, Tuple[Any, Any]], takes_args: bool, takes_kwargs: bool, config: 'ConfigType'):
+        class Config:
+            arbitrary_types_allowed = True
+            extra = 'forbid'
+
+        if config is not None:
+            if not isinstance(config, dict):
+                config = {k: v for k, v in config.__dict__.items() if not k.startswith('__')}
+            Config = type('Config', (), {**Config.__dict__, **config})
+
+        class DecoratorBaseModel(BaseModel):
+            @field_validator(self.v_args_name, self.v_kwargs_name, mode='before')
+            @classmethod
+            def check_args_kwargs(cls, v: Any, field: 'ModelField') -> Any:
+                if field.name == self.v_args_name and not takes_args and v:
+                    raise ValueError('Function does not take *args')
+                if field.name == self.v_kwargs_name and not takes_kwargs and v:
+                    raise ValueError('Function does not take **kwargs')
+                return v
+
+        self.model = create_model(
+            to_pascal(self.raw_function.__name__),
+            __config__=Config,
+            __base__=DecoratorBaseModel,
+            **fields
+        )
+
+    def validate(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Tuple[Tuple[Any, ...], Dict[str, Any]]:
+        values = self.model(**self.build_values(args, kwargs))
+        return self.parse_values(values)
+
+    def build_values(self, args: Tuple[Any, ...], kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        values: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        v_kwargs = {}
+
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            name = self.arg_mapping.get(i)
+            if name:
+                values[name] = arg
+            else:
+                values.setdefault(self.v_args_name, []).append(arg)
+
+        for name, value in kwargs.items():
+            if name in self.model.__fields__:
+                if name in values:
+                    values.setdefault(V_DUPLICATE_KWARGS, []).append(name)
+                values[name] = value
+            else:
+                v_kwargs[name] = value
+
+        if v_kwargs:
+            values[self.v_kwargs_name] = v_kwargs
+
+        return values
+
+    def parse_values(self, values: Any) -> Tuple[Tuple[Any, ...], Dict[str, Any]]:
+        args = []
+        kwargs = {}
+        v_args = values.__dict__.pop(self.v_args_name, ())
+        v_kwargs = values.__dict__.pop(self.v_kwargs_name, {})
+
+        for i, name in self.arg_mapping.items():
+            if name in self.positional_only_args:
+                args.append(values.__dict__.get(name))
+            else:
+                kwargs[name] = values.__dict__.get(name)
+
+        return tuple(args + list(v_args)), {**kwargs, **v_kwargs}
diff --git a/pydantic/deprecated/json.py b/pydantic/deprecated/json.py
index 062beef9..aa42f16f 100644
--- a/pydantic/deprecated/json.py
+++ b/pydantic/deprecated/json.py
@@ -33,7 +33,10 @@ def decimal_encoder(dec_value: Decimal) ->Union[int, float]:
     >>> decimal_encoder(Decimal("1"))
     1
     """
-    pass
+    if dec_value.as_tuple().exponent == 0:
+        return int(dec_value)
+    else:
+        return float(dec_value)


 ENCODERS_BY_TYPE: Dict[Type[Any], Callable[[Any], Any]] = {bytes: lambda o:
@@ -49,4 +52,16 @@ ENCODERS_BY_TYPE: Dict[Type[Any], Callable[[Any], Any]] = {bytes: lambda o:
 @deprecated('`timedelta_isoformat` is deprecated.', category=None)
 def timedelta_isoformat(td: datetime.timedelta) ->str:
     """ISO 8601 encoding for Python timedelta object."""
-    pass
+    total_seconds = td.total_seconds()
+    hours, remainder = divmod(total_seconds, 3600)
+    minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
+    
+    hours = int(hours)
+    minutes = int(minutes)
+    seconds = int(seconds)
+    microseconds = int((total_seconds - int(total_seconds)) * 1e6)
+    
+    if microseconds:
+        return f"P{hours}H{minutes}M{seconds}.{microseconds:06d}S"
+    else:
+        return f"P{hours}H{minutes}M{seconds}S"
diff --git a/pydantic/deprecated/tools.py b/pydantic/deprecated/tools.py
index 8bd38299..2404d50d 100644
--- a/pydantic/deprecated/tools.py
+++ b/pydantic/deprecated/tools.py
@@ -20,7 +20,18 @@ def schema_of(type_: Any, *, title: (NameFactory | None)=None, by_alias:
     bool=True, ref_template: str=DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE, schema_generator:
     type[GenerateJsonSchema]=GenerateJsonSchema) ->dict[str, Any]:
     """Generate a JSON schema (as dict) for the passed model or dynamically generated one."""
-    pass
+    warnings.warn(
+        '`schema_of` is deprecated. Use `pydantic.TypeAdapter.json_schema` instead.',
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    type_adapter = TypeAdapter(type_)
+    return type_adapter.json_schema(
+        by_alias=by_alias,
+        ref_template=ref_template,
+        schema_generator=schema_generator,
+        title=title(type_) if callable(title) else title,
+    )


 @deprecated(
@@ -31,4 +42,16 @@ def schema_json_of(type_: Any, *, title: (NameFactory | None)=None,
     schema_generator: type[GenerateJsonSchema]=GenerateJsonSchema, **
     dumps_kwargs: Any) ->str:
     """Generate a JSON schema (as JSON) for the passed model or dynamically generated one."""
-    pass
+    warnings.warn(
+        '`schema_json_of` is deprecated. Use `pydantic.TypeAdapter.json_schema` instead.',
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    schema = schema_of(
+        type_,
+        title=title,
+        by_alias=by_alias,
+        ref_template=ref_template,
+        schema_generator=schema_generator,
+    )
+    return json.dumps(schema, **dumps_kwargs)
diff --git a/pydantic/errors.py b/pydantic/errors.py
index 3a0976c3..9ba6e4b3 100644
--- a/pydantic/errors.py
+++ b/pydantic/errors.py
@@ -79,7 +79,15 @@ class PydanticUndefinedAnnotation(PydanticErrorMixin, NameError):
         Returns:
             Converted `PydanticUndefinedAnnotation` error.
         """
-        pass
+        error_message = str(name_error)
+        match = re.search(r"name '(\w+)' is not defined", error_message)
+        if match:
+            name = match.group(1)
+            message = f"Annotation '{name}' is not defined."
+        else:
+            name = "unknown"
+            message = f"Undefined annotation: {error_message}"
+        return cls(name=name, message=message)


 class PydanticImportError(PydanticErrorMixin, ImportError):
diff --git a/pydantic/experimental/pipeline.py b/pydantic/experimental/pipeline.py
index 253728a3..5da03886 100644
--- a/pydantic/experimental/pipeline.py
+++ b/pydantic/experimental/pipeline.py
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class _Pipeline(Generic[_InT, _OutT]):
         If used as the first step in a pipeline, the type of the field is used.
         That is, the transformation is applied to after the value is parsed to the field's type.
         """
-        pass
+        return _Pipeline(self._steps + (_Transform(func),))

     def validate_as(self, tp: (type[_NewOutT] | EllipsisType), *, strict:
         bool=False) ->_Pipeline[_InT, Any]:
@@ -118,7 +118,9 @@ class _Pipeline(Generic[_InT, _OutT]):
         Types are parsed in Pydantic's `lax` mode by default,
         but you can enable `strict` mode by passing `strict=True`.
         """
-        pass
+        if tp is Ellipsis:
+            tp = _FieldTypeMarker
+        return _Pipeline(self._steps + (_ValidateAs(tp, strict),))

     def validate_as_deferred(self, func: Callable[[], type[_NewOutT]]
         ) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutT]:
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ class _Pipeline(Generic[_InT, _OutT]):

         This is useful when you need to reference the class in it's own type annotations.
         """
-        pass
+        return _Pipeline(self._steps + (_ValidateAsDefer(func),))

     def constrain(self, constraint: _ConstraintAnnotation) ->Any:
         """Constrain a value to meet a certain condition.
@@ -137,73 +139,73 @@ class _Pipeline(Generic[_InT, _OutT]):
         Most of the time you'll be calling a shortcut method like `gt`, `lt`, `len`, etc
         so you don't need to call this directly.
         """
-        pass
+        return _Pipeline(self._steps + (_Constraint(constraint),))

     def predicate(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutT], func: Callable[[_NewOutT
         ], bool]) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutT]:
         """Constrain a value to meet a certain predicate."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Predicate(func))

     def gt(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutGt], gt: _NewOutGt) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT, _NewOutGt]:
         """Constrain a value to be greater than a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Gt(gt))

     def lt(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutLt], lt: _NewOutLt) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT, _NewOutLt]:
         """Constrain a value to be less than a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Lt(lt))

     def ge(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutGe], ge: _NewOutGe) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT, _NewOutGe]:
         """Constrain a value to be greater than or equal to a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Ge(ge))

     def le(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutLe], le: _NewOutLe) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT, _NewOutLe]:
         """Constrain a value to be less than or equal to a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Le(le))

     def len(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutLen], min_len: int, max_len: (int |
         None)=None) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _NewOutLen]:
         """Constrain a value to have a certain length."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.Len(min_len, max_len))

     def multiple_of(self: _Pipeline[_InT, Any], multiple_of: Any) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT, Any]:
         """Constrain a value to be a multiple of a certain number."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(annotated_types.MultipleOf(multiple_of))

     def eq(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _OutT], value: _OutT) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _OutT
         ]:
         """Constrain a value to be equal to a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(_Eq(value))

     def not_eq(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _OutT], value: _OutT) ->_Pipeline[_InT,
         _OutT]:
         """Constrain a value to not be equal to a certain value."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(_NotEq(value))

     def in_(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _OutT], values: Container[_OutT]
         ) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _OutT]:
         """Constrain a value to be in a certain set."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(_In(values))

     def not_in(self: _Pipeline[_InT, _OutT], values: Container[_OutT]
         ) ->_Pipeline[_InT, _OutT]:
         """Constrain a value to not be in a certain set."""
-        pass
+        return self.constrain(_NotIn(values))

     def otherwise(self, other: _Pipeline[_OtherIn, _OtherOut]) ->_Pipeline[
         _InT | _OtherIn, _OutT | _OtherOut]:
         """Combine two validation chains, returning the result of the first chain if it succeeds, and the second chain if it fails."""
-        pass
+        return _Pipeline((_PipelineOr(self, other),))
     __or__ = otherwise

     def then(self, other: _Pipeline[_OutT, _OtherOut]) ->_Pipeline[_InT,
         _OtherOut]:
         """Pipe the result of one validation chain into another."""
-        pass
+        return _Pipeline((_PipelineAnd(self, other),))
     __and__ = then

     def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(self, source_type: Any, handler:
@@ -229,7 +231,29 @@ transform = _Pipeline[Any, Any]((_ValidateAs(_FieldTypeMarker),)).transform
 def _apply_constraint(s: (cs.CoreSchema | None), constraint:
     _ConstraintAnnotation) ->cs.CoreSchema:
     """Apply a single constraint to a schema."""
-    pass
+    from pydantic_core import core_schema as cs
+    
+    if s is None:
+        s = cs.any_schema()
+    
+    if isinstance(constraint, (annotated_types.Gt, annotated_types.Ge, annotated_types.Lt, annotated_types.Le)):
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, operator.attrgetter(constraint.__class__.__name__.lower())(constraint))
+    elif isinstance(constraint, annotated_types.MultipleOf):
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, lambda v: v % constraint.multiple_of == 0)
+    elif isinstance(constraint, annotated_types.Len):
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, lambda v: constraint.min_length <= len(v) <= (constraint.max_length or float('inf')))
+    elif isinstance(constraint, annotated_types.Predicate):
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, constraint.func)
+    elif isinstance(constraint, (_Eq, _NotEq)):
+        op = operator.eq if isinstance(constraint, _Eq) else operator.ne
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, lambda v: op(v, constraint.value))
+    elif isinstance(constraint, (_In, _NotIn)):
+        op = operator.contains if isinstance(constraint, _In) else lambda c, v: v not in c
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, lambda v: op(constraint.values, v))
+    elif isinstance(constraint, Pattern):
+        return cs.with_info_after_validator_function(s, lambda v: bool(constraint.match(v)))
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported constraint: {constraint}")


 class _SupportsRange(annotated_types.SupportsLe, annotated_types.SupportsGe,
diff --git a/pydantic/fields.py b/pydantic/fields.py
index 6b34290a..2ba54aec 100644
--- a/pydantic/fields.py
+++ b/pydantic/fields.py
@@ -529,7 +529,27 @@ def Field(default: Any=PydanticUndefined, *, default_factory: (typing.
         A new [`FieldInfo`][pydantic.fields.FieldInfo]. The return annotation is `Any` so `Field` can be used on
             type-annotated fields without causing a type error.
     """
-    pass
+    field_info_kwargs = {
+        k: v for k, v in locals().items()
+        if k not in {'default', 'default_factory', 'extra'} and v is not _Unset
+    }
+    if extra:
+        warnings.warn(
+            'The `extra` kwargs is deprecated. Use `json_schema_extra` instead.',
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        if json_schema_extra is _Unset:
+            field_info_kwargs['json_schema_extra'] = extra
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Cannot specify both `extra` and `json_schema_extra`')
+
+    if default is not PydanticUndefined:
+        field_info_kwargs['default'] = default
+    if default_factory is not _Unset:
+        field_info_kwargs['default_factory'] = default_factory
+
+    return FieldInfo(**field_info_kwargs)


 _FIELD_ARG_NAMES = set(inspect.signature(Field).parameters)
@@ -616,7 +636,13 @@ def PrivateAttr(default: Any=PydanticUndefined, *, default_factory: (typing
     Raises:
         ValueError: If both `default` and `default_factory` are set.
     """
-    pass
+    if default is not PydanticUndefined and default_factory is not None:
+        raise ValueError('cannot specify both default and default_factory')
+    
+    if init is not False:
+        raise ValueError('init must be False for private attributes')
+    
+    return ModelPrivateAttr(default=default, default_factory=default_factory)


 @dataclasses.dataclass(**_internal_dataclass.slots_true)
@@ -816,4 +842,34 @@ def computed_field(func: (PropertyT | None)=None, /, *, alias: (str | None)
     Returns:
         A proxy wrapper for the property.
     """
-    pass
+    def wrapper(func: PropertyT) -> PropertyT:
+        if not isinstance(func, (property, cached_property)):
+            func = property(func)
+
+        is_private = _wrapped_property_is_private(func)
+        if repr is None:
+            repr_value = not is_private
+        else:
+            repr_value = repr
+
+        computed_field_info = ComputedFieldInfo(
+            wrapped_property=func,
+            return_type=return_type,
+            alias=alias,
+            alias_priority=alias_priority,
+            title=title,
+            field_title_generator=field_title_generator,
+            description=description or func.__doc__,
+            deprecated=deprecated,
+            examples=examples,
+            json_schema_extra=json_schema_extra,
+            repr=repr_value
+        )
+
+        setattr(func, '__computed_field__', computed_field_info)
+        return func
+
+    if func is None:
+        return wrapper
+    else:
+        return wrapper(func)
diff --git a/pydantic/functional_serializers.py b/pydantic/functional_serializers.py
index a588b3b5..ab40f04f 100644
--- a/pydantic/functional_serializers.py
+++ b/pydantic/functional_serializers.py
@@ -233,7 +233,24 @@ def field_serializer(*fields: str, mode: Literal['plain', 'wrap']='plain',
     Returns:
         The decorator function.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(func: Callable[..., Any]) -> Any:
+        serializer = PlainSerializer(func, return_type, when_used) if mode == 'plain' else WrapSerializer(func, return_type, when_used)
+        
+        if check_fields is not None:
+            setattr(serializer, 'check_fields', check_fields)
+        
+        if isinstance(func, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            func.__func__.__pydantic_serializer__ = serializer
+            for field in fields:
+                func.__func__.__pydantic_serializer_fields__ = getattr(func.__func__, '__pydantic_serializer_fields__', set()) | {field}
+        else:
+            func.__pydantic_serializer__ = serializer
+            for field in fields:
+                func.__pydantic_serializer_fields__ = getattr(func, '__pydantic_serializer_fields__', set()) | {field}
+        
+        return func
+    
+    return decorator


 FuncType = TypeVar('FuncType', bound=Callable[..., Any])
@@ -284,7 +301,20 @@ def model_serializer(f: (Callable[..., Any] | None)=None, /, *, mode:
     Returns:
         The decorator function.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(func: Callable[..., Any]) -> Any:
+        serializer = PlainSerializer(func, return_type, when_used) if mode == 'plain' else WrapSerializer(func, return_type, when_used)
+        
+        if isinstance(func, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            func.__func__.__pydantic_serializer__ = serializer
+        else:
+            func.__pydantic_serializer__ = serializer
+        
+        return func
+    
+    if f is None:
+        return decorator
+    else:
+        return decorator(f)


 AnyType = TypeVar('AnyType')
diff --git a/pydantic/functional_validators.py b/pydantic/functional_validators.py
index 92ed2fbb..9c943b5d 100644
--- a/pydantic/functional_validators.py
+++ b/pydantic/functional_validators.py
@@ -317,7 +317,27 @@ def field_validator(field: str, /, *fields: str, mode: FieldValidatorModes=
             - If the args passed to `@field_validator` as fields are not strings.
             - If `@field_validator` applied to instance methods.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(f: Any) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(f, (classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            f = f.__func__
+
+        if not isinstance(f, FunctionType):
+            raise PydanticUserError("@field_validator must be applied to a function")
+
+        if not all(isinstance(field, str) for field in (field, *fields)):
+            raise PydanticUserError("All field arguments to @field_validator must be strings")
+
+        setattr(f, '_pydantic_validator', {
+            'fields': (field, *fields),
+            'mode': mode,
+            'check_fields': check_fields
+        })
+        return f
+
+    if not isinstance(field, str):
+        raise PydanticUserError("@field_validator must be called with at least one field name argument")
+
+    return decorator


 _ModelType = TypeVar('_ModelType')
@@ -445,7 +465,16 @@ def model_validator(*, mode: Literal['wrap', 'before', 'after']) ->Any:
     Returns:
         A decorator that can be used to decorate a function to be used as a model validator.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(f: Any) -> Any:
+        if not isinstance(f, (FunctionType, classmethod, staticmethod)):
+            raise PydanticUserError("@model_validator must be applied to a function or method")
+
+        setattr(f, '_pydantic_model_validator', {
+            'mode': mode,
+        })
+        return f
+
+    return decorator


 AnyType = TypeVar('AnyType')
diff --git a/pydantic/json_schema.py b/pydantic/json_schema.py
index 32ba228d..91a71a9e 100644
--- a/pydantic/json_schema.py
+++ b/pydantic/json_schema.py
@@ -1078,7 +1078,9 @@ class GenerateJsonSchema:
             core_schema: The core schema to get the validations from.
             mapping: A mapping from core_schema attribute names to the corresponding JSON schema attribute names.
         """
-        pass
+        for core_key, json_key in mapping.items():
+            if core_key in core_schema:
+                json_schema[json_key] = core_schema[core_key]


     class ValidationsMapping:
@@ -1100,7 +1102,21 @@ class GenerateJsonSchema:
     def get_json_ref_counts(self, json_schema: JsonSchemaValue) ->dict[
         JsonRef, int]:
         """Get all values corresponding to the key '$ref' anywhere in the json_schema."""
-        pass
+        ref_counts: dict[JsonRef, int] = {}
+
+        def count_refs(schema: Any) -> None:
+            if isinstance(schema, dict):
+                if '$ref' in schema:
+                    ref = JsonRef(schema['$ref'])
+                    ref_counts[ref] = ref_counts.get(ref, 0) + 1
+                for value in schema.values():
+                    count_refs(value)
+            elif isinstance(schema, list):
+                for item in schema:
+                    count_refs(item)
+
+        count_refs(json_schema)
+        return ref_counts

     def emit_warning(self, kind: JsonSchemaWarningKind, detail: str) ->None:
         """This method simply emits PydanticJsonSchemaWarnings based on handling in the `warning_message` method."""
@@ -1242,7 +1258,20 @@ class Examples:

 def _get_all_json_refs(item: Any) ->set[JsonRef]:
     """Get all the definitions references from a JSON schema."""
-    pass
+    refs = set()
+
+    def collect_refs(schema: Any) -> None:
+        if isinstance(schema, dict):
+            if '$ref' in schema:
+                refs.add(JsonRef(schema['$ref']))
+            for value in schema.values():
+                collect_refs(value)
+        elif isinstance(schema, list):
+            for sub_item in schema:
+                collect_refs(sub_item)
+
+    collect_refs(item)
+    return refs


 AnyType = TypeVar('AnyType')
diff --git a/pydantic/main.py b/pydantic/main.py
index 0f604ce0..98c4fbd9 100644
--- a/pydantic/main.py
+++ b/pydantic/main.py
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
         Returns:
             A dictionary of extra fields, or `None` if `config.extra` is not set to `"allow"`.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.__pydantic_extra__ if self.model_config.get('extra') == 'allow' else None

     @property
     def model_fields_set(self) ->set[str]:
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
             A set of strings representing the fields that have been set,
                 i.e. that were not filled from defaults.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.__pydantic_fields_set__

     @classmethod
     def model_construct(cls, _fields_set: (set[str] | None)=None, **values: Any
@@ -171,7 +171,19 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
         Returns:
             A new instance of the `Model` class with validated data.
         """
-        pass
+        m = cls.__new__(cls)
+        fields_values = {}
+        extra = {}
+        for name, value in values.items():
+            if name in cls.model_fields:
+                fields_values[name] = value
+            elif cls.model_config.get('extra') == 'allow':
+                extra[name] = value
+        
+        _object_setattr(m, '__dict__', fields_values)
+        _object_setattr(m, '__pydantic_extra__', extra or None)
+        _object_setattr(m, '__pydantic_fields_set__', _fields_set or set(fields_values.keys()))
+        return m

     def model_copy(self, *, update: (dict[str, Any] | None)=None, deep:
         bool=False) ->Self:
@@ -187,7 +199,18 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
         Returns:
             New model instance.
         """
-        pass
+        if deep:
+            # Perform a deep copy
+            m = self.__deepcopy__()
+        else:
+            # Perform a shallow copy
+            m = self.__copy__()
+
+        if update:
+            for name, value in update.items():
+                setattr(m, name, value)
+
+        return m

     def model_dump(self, *, mode: (Literal['json', 'python'] | str)=
         'python', include: IncEx=None, exclude: IncEx=None, context: (Any |
@@ -218,7 +241,20 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
         Returns:
             A dictionary representation of the model.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.__pydantic_serializer__.to_python(
+            self,
+            mode=mode,
+            include=include,
+            exclude=exclude,
+            context=context,
+            by_alias=by_alias,
+            exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none,
+            round_trip=round_trip,
+            warnings=warnings,
+            serialize_as_any=serialize_as_any,
+        )

     def model_dump_json(self, *, indent: (int | None)=None, include: IncEx=
         None, exclude: IncEx=None, context: (Any | None)=None, by_alias:
@@ -247,7 +283,20 @@ class BaseModel(metaclass=_model_construction.ModelMetaclass):
         Returns:
             A JSON string representation of the model.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.__pydantic_serializer__.to_json(
+            self,
+            indent=indent,
+            include=include,
+            exclude=exclude,
+            context=context,
+            by_alias=by_alias,
+            exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none,
+            round_trip=round_trip,
+            warnings=warnings,
+            serialize_as_any=serialize_as_any,
+        )

     @classmethod
     def model_json_schema(cls, by_alias: bool=True, ref_template: str=
diff --git a/pydantic/mypy.py b/pydantic/mypy.py
index 03f2edc6..e840f7c2 100644
--- a/pydantic/mypy.py
+++ b/pydantic/mypy.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def plugin(version: str) ->type[Plugin]:
     Return:
         The Pydantic mypy plugin type.
     """
-    pass
+    return PydanticPlugin


 class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
@@ -72,22 +72,30 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
     def get_base_class_hook(self, fullname: str) ->(Callable[[
         ClassDefContext], bool] | None):
         """Update Pydantic model class."""
-        pass
+        if fullname in (BASEMODEL_FULLNAME, BASESETTINGS_FULLNAME, ROOT_MODEL_FULLNAME):
+            return self._pydantic_model_class_maker_callback
+        return None

     def get_metaclass_hook(self, fullname: str) ->(Callable[[
         ClassDefContext], None] | None):
         """Update Pydantic `ModelMetaclass` definition."""
-        pass
+        if fullname == MODEL_METACLASS_FULLNAME:
+            return self._pydantic_model_metaclass_marker_callback
+        return None

     def get_function_hook(self, fullname: str) ->(Callable[[FunctionContext
         ], Type] | None):
         """Adjust the return type of the `Field` function."""
-        pass
+        if fullname == FIELD_FULLNAME:
+            return self._pydantic_field_callback
+        return None

     def get_method_hook(self, fullname: str) ->(Callable[[MethodContext],
         Type] | None):
         """Adjust return type of `from_orm` method call."""
-        pass
+        if fullname.endswith('.from_orm'):
+            return from_attributes_callback
+        return None

     def get_class_decorator_hook(self, fullname: str) ->(Callable[[
         ClassDefContext], None] | None):
@@ -95,14 +103,16 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):

         Mypy version 1.1.1 added support for `@dataclass_transform` decorator.
         """
-        pass
+        if fullname == DATACLASS_FULLNAME:
+            return dataclasses.dataclass_class_maker_callback
+        return None

     def report_config_data(self, ctx: ReportConfigContext) ->dict[str, Any]:
         """Return all plugin config data.

         Used by mypy to determine if cache needs to be discarded.
         """
-        pass
+        return self._plugin_data

     def _pydantic_model_metaclass_marker_callback(self, ctx: ClassDefContext
         ) ->None:
@@ -111,7 +121,8 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
         Let the plugin handle it. This behavior can be disabled
         if 'debug_dataclass_transform' is set to True', for testing purposes.
         """
-        pass
+        if not self.plugin_config.debug_dataclass_transform:
+            ctx.cls.info.metadata.setdefault(METADATA_KEY, {})['dataclass_transform_spec'] = None

     def _pydantic_field_callback(self, ctx: FunctionContext) ->Type:
         """Extract the type of the `default` argument from the Field function, and use it as the return type.
@@ -121,7 +132,23 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
         * Output an error if both are specified.
         * Retrieve the type of the argument which is specified, and use it as return type for the function.
         """
-        pass
+        default_arg = ctx.arg_names.index('default') if 'default' in ctx.arg_names else None
+        default_factory_arg = ctx.arg_names.index('default_factory') if 'default_factory' in ctx.arg_names else None
+
+        if default_arg is not None and default_factory_arg is not None:
+            error_default_and_default_factory_specified(ctx.api, ctx.context)
+            return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+
+        if default_arg is not None and ctx.args[default_arg] is not None:
+            default_type = ctx.arg_types[default_arg]
+            return default_type
+
+        if default_factory_arg is not None and ctx.args[default_factory_arg] is not None:
+            default_factory_type = ctx.arg_types[default_factory_arg]
+            if isinstance(default_factory_type, CallableType):
+                return default_factory_type.ret_type
+
+        return AnyType(TypeOfAny.implementation_artifact)


 class PydanticPluginConfig:
@@ -164,12 +191,19 @@ class PydanticPluginConfig:

     def to_data(self) ->dict[str, Any]:
         """Returns a dict of config names to their values."""
-        pass
+        return {
+            key: getattr(self, key)
+            for key in self.__slots__
+            if hasattr(self, key)
+        }


 def from_attributes_callback(ctx: MethodContext) ->Type:
     """Raise an error if from_attributes is not enabled."""
-    pass
+    model_config = ctx.type.type.metadata.get(METADATA_KEY, {}).get('config', {})
+    if not model_config.get('from_attributes'):
+        error_from_attributes(ctx.type.type.name, ctx.api, ctx.context)
+    return ctx.default_return_type


 class PydanticModelField:
diff --git a/pydantic/networks.py b/pydantic/networks.py
index ae44dc9a..8cd8a1e4 100644
--- a/pydantic/networks.py
+++ b/pydantic/networks.py
@@ -574,7 +574,24 @@ def validate_email(value: str) ->tuple[str, str]:
         * `"John Doe <local_part@domain.com>"` style "pretty" email addresses are processed.
         * Spaces are striped from the beginning and end of addresses, but no error is raised.
     """
-    pass
+    import_email_validator()
+    
+    if len(value) > MAX_EMAIL_LENGTH:
+        raise PydanticCustomError('email_too_long', 'Email address is too long')
+    
+    # Check if it's a "pretty" email address
+    match = pretty_email_regex.match(value)
+    if match:
+        name, email = match.group(1), match.group(2)
+    else:
+        name, email = '', value.strip()
+    
+    try:
+        email_validator.validate_email(email, check_deliverability=False)
+    except email_validator.EmailNotValidError as e:
+        raise PydanticCustomError('value_error', str(e))
+    
+    return name, email


 __getattr__ = getattr_migration(__name__)
diff --git a/pydantic/plugin/_loader.py b/pydantic/plugin/_loader.py
index 9e984adf..4a6cf78c 100644
--- a/pydantic/plugin/_loader.py
+++ b/pydantic/plugin/_loader.py
@@ -10,9 +10,33 @@ _plugins: dict[str, PydanticPluginProtocol] | None = None
 _loading_plugins: bool = False


-def get_plugins() ->Iterable[PydanticPluginProtocol]:
+def get_plugins() -> Iterable[PydanticPluginProtocol]:
     """Load plugins for Pydantic.

     Inspired by: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pluggy/blob/1.3.0/src/pluggy/_manager.py#L376-L402
     """
-    pass
+    global _plugins, _loading_plugins
+
+    if _plugins is not None:
+        yield from _plugins.values()
+        return
+
+    if _loading_plugins:
+        return
+
+    _loading_plugins = True
+    try:
+        _plugins = {}
+        for entry_point in importlib_metadata.entry_points(group=PYDANTIC_ENTRY_POINT_GROUP):
+            try:
+                plugin = entry_point.load()
+                if not isinstance(plugin, PydanticPluginProtocol):
+                    warnings.warn(f"Plugin {entry_point.name} does not implement PydanticPluginProtocol")
+                    continue
+                _plugins[entry_point.name] = plugin
+            except Exception as e:
+                warnings.warn(f"Error loading plugin {entry_point.name}: {e}")
+
+        yield from _plugins.values()
+    finally:
+        _loading_plugins = False
diff --git a/pydantic/plugin/_schema_validator.py b/pydantic/plugin/_schema_validator.py
index cc46fbe1..cb83e084 100644
--- a/pydantic/plugin/_schema_validator.py
+++ b/pydantic/plugin/_schema_validator.py
@@ -22,7 +22,14 @@ def create_schema_validator(schema: CoreSchema, schema_type: Any,
     Returns:
         If plugins are installed then return `PluggableSchemaValidator`, otherwise return `SchemaValidator`.
     """
-    pass
+    from pydantic.plugin import get_plugins
+
+    plugins = list(get_plugins())
+    if plugins:
+        schema_type_path = SchemaTypePath(schema_type_module, schema_type_name)
+        return PluggableSchemaValidator(schema, schema_type, schema_type_path, schema_kind, config, plugins, plugin_settings or {})
+    else:
+        return SchemaValidator(schema, config)


 class PluggableSchemaValidator:
@@ -68,4 +75,7 @@ def filter_handlers(handler_cls: BaseValidateHandlerProtocol, method_name: str
     """Filter out handler methods which are not implemented by the plugin directly - e.g. are missing
     or are inherited from the protocol.
     """
-    pass
+    method = getattr(handler_cls, method_name, None)
+    if method is None:
+        return False
+    return method.__module__ != 'typing' and method.__module__ != BaseValidateHandlerProtocol.__module__
diff --git a/pydantic/root_model.py b/pydantic/root_model.py
index 199c196d..cfaa17ce 100644
--- a/pydantic/root_model.py
+++ b/pydantic/root_model.py
@@ -76,7 +76,13 @@ class RootModel(BaseModel, typing.Generic[RootModelRootType], metaclass=
         Raises:
             NotImplemented: If the model is not a subclass of `RootModel`.
         """
-        pass
+        m = cls.__new__(cls)
+        fields_values = {'root': root}
+        _object_setattr(m, '__dict__', fields_values)
+        if _fields_set is None:
+            _fields_set = {'root'}
+        _object_setattr(m, '__pydantic_fields_set__', _fields_set)
+        return m

     def __getstate__(self) ->dict[Any, Any]:
         return {'__dict__': self.__dict__, '__pydantic_fields_set__': self.
@@ -123,7 +129,19 @@ class RootModel(BaseModel, typing.Generic[RootModelRootType], metaclass=
             even be something different, in the case of a custom serializer.
             Thus, `Any` is used here to catch all of these cases.
             """
-            pass
+            return super().model_dump(
+                mode=mode,
+                include=include,
+                exclude=exclude,
+                context=context,
+                by_alias=by_alias,
+                exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+                exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+                exclude_none=exclude_none,
+                round_trip=round_trip,
+                warnings=warnings,
+                serialize_as_any=serialize_as_any
+            )

     def __eq__(self, other: Any) ->bool:
         if not isinstance(other, RootModel):
diff --git a/pydantic/type_adapter.py b/pydantic/type_adapter.py
index fc7ff2ab..d69d3b3d 100644
--- a/pydantic/type_adapter.py
+++ b/pydantic/type_adapter.py
@@ -66,17 +66,24 @@ def _get_schema(type_: Any, config_wrapper: _config.ConfigWrapper,

     But at the very least this behavior is _subtly_ different from `BaseModel`'s.
     """
-    pass
+    local_ns = _typing_extra.get_globals_from_frame(sys._getframe(parent_depth))
+    return _generate_schema(type_, config_wrapper, _module_name=local_ns.get('__name__', ''), _parent_frame_globals=local_ns)


 def _getattr_no_parents(obj: Any, attribute: str) ->Any:
     """Returns the attribute value without attempting to look up attributes from parent types."""
-    pass
+    if hasattr(obj, '__dict__'):
+        return obj.__dict__.get(attribute)
+    return getattr(obj, attribute)


 def _type_has_config(type_: Any) ->bool:
     """Returns whether the type has config."""
-    pass
+    return (
+        (isinstance(type_, type) and issubclass(type_, BaseModel))
+        or is_dataclass(type_)
+        or is_typeddict(type_)
+    )


 @final
@@ -172,19 +179,25 @@ class TypeAdapter(Generic[T]):
     @_frame_depth(2)
     def core_schema(self) ->CoreSchema:
         """The pydantic-core schema used to build the SchemaValidator and SchemaSerializer."""
-        pass
+        if self._core_schema is None:
+            self._init_core_attrs(rebuild_mocks=True)
+        return self._core_schema

     @cached_property
     @_frame_depth(2)
     def validator(self) ->(SchemaValidator | PluggableSchemaValidator):
         """The pydantic-core SchemaValidator used to validate instances of the model."""
-        pass
+        if self._validator is None:
+            self._init_core_attrs(rebuild_mocks=True)
+        return self._validator

     @cached_property
     @_frame_depth(2)
     def serializer(self) ->SchemaSerializer:
         """The pydantic-core SchemaSerializer used to dump instances of the model."""
-        pass
+        if self._serializer is None:
+            self._init_core_attrs(rebuild_mocks=True)
+        return self._serializer

     @_frame_depth(1)
     def validate_python(self, object: Any, /, *, strict: (bool | None)=None,
@@ -205,7 +218,12 @@ class TypeAdapter(Generic[T]):
         Returns:
             The validated object.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.validator.validate_python(
+            object,
+            strict=strict,
+            from_attributes=from_attributes,
+            context=context,
+        )

     @_frame_depth(1)
     def validate_json(self, data: (str | bytes), /, *, strict: (bool | None
@@ -222,7 +240,11 @@ class TypeAdapter(Generic[T]):
         Returns:
             The validated object.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.validator.validate_json(
+            data,
+            strict=strict,
+            context=context,
+        )

     @_frame_depth(1)
     def validate_strings(self, obj: Any, /, *, strict: (bool | None)=None,
@@ -237,7 +259,11 @@ class TypeAdapter(Generic[T]):
         Returns:
             The validated object.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.validator.validate_strings(
+            obj,
+            strict=strict,
+            context=context,
+        )

     @_frame_depth(1)
     def get_default_value(self, *, strict: (bool | None)=None, context: (
@@ -251,7 +277,10 @@ class TypeAdapter(Generic[T]):
         Returns:
             The default value wrapped in a `Some` if there is one or None if not.
         """
-        pass
+        return self.validator.get_default_value(
+            strict=strict,
+            context=context,
+        )

     @_frame_depth(1)
     def dump_python(self, instance: T, /, *, mode: Literal['json', 'python'
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/annotated_types.py b/pydantic/v1/annotated_types.py
index 06d15ea9..dd0abb29 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/annotated_types.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/annotated_types.py
@@ -15,7 +15,21 @@ def create_model_from_typeddict(typeddict_cls: Type['TypedDict'], **kwargs: Any
     Since `typing.TypedDict` in Python 3.8 does not store runtime information about optional keys,
     we raise an error if this happens (see https://bugs.python.org/issue38834).
     """
-    pass
+    if not is_typeddict(typeddict_cls) and not is_typeddict_special(typeddict_cls):
+        raise TypeError(f'{typeddict_cls} is not a TypedDict')
+
+    fields = getattr(typeddict_cls, '__annotations__', {})
+    defaults = getattr(typeddict_cls, '__total__', True)
+
+    model_fields = {}
+    for field_name, field_type in fields.items():
+        if defaults:
+            model_fields[field_name] = (field_type, Required)
+        else:
+            model_fields[field_name] = (field_type, ...)
+
+    model_name = typeddict_cls.__name__
+    return create_model(model_name, **model_fields, **kwargs)


 def create_model_from_namedtuple(namedtuple_cls: Type['NamedTuple'], **
@@ -26,4 +40,19 @@ def create_model_from_namedtuple(namedtuple_cls: Type['NamedTuple'], **
     but also with `collections.namedtuple`, in this case we consider all fields
     to have type `Any`.
     """
-    pass
+    if not issubclass(namedtuple_cls, tuple) or not hasattr(namedtuple_cls, '_fields'):
+        raise TypeError(f'{namedtuple_cls} is not a NamedTuple')
+
+    fields = getattr(namedtuple_cls, '__annotations__', {})
+    default_values = namedtuple_cls._field_defaults
+
+    model_fields = {}
+    for field_name in namedtuple_cls._fields:
+        field_type = fields.get(field_name, Any)
+        if field_name in default_values:
+            model_fields[field_name] = (field_type, default_values[field_name])
+        else:
+            model_fields[field_name] = (field_type, Required)
+
+    model_name = namedtuple_cls.__name__
+    return create_model(model_name, **model_fields, **kwargs)
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/class_validators.py b/pydantic/v1/class_validators.py
index c7c09f7c..63efa606 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/class_validators.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/class_validators.py
@@ -53,7 +53,25 @@ def validator(*fields: str, pre: bool=False, each_item: bool=False, always:
     :param check_fields: whether to check that the fields actually exist on the model
     :param allow_reuse: whether to track and raise an error if another validator refers to the decorated function
     """
-    pass
+    if whole is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            'The "whole" keyword argument is deprecated, use "each_item" instead',
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        each_item = not whole
+
+    def dec(f):
+        f_cls = _prepare_validator(f, allow_reuse)
+        setattr(f_cls, VALIDATOR_CONFIG_KEY, {
+            'fields': fields,
+            'pre': pre,
+            'each_item': each_item,
+            'always': always,
+            'check_fields': check_fields,
+        })
+        return f_cls
+
+    return dec


 def root_validator(_func: Optional[AnyCallable]=None, *, pre: bool=False,
@@ -63,7 +81,18 @@ def root_validator(_func: Optional[AnyCallable]=None, *, pre: bool=False,
     Decorate methods on a model indicating that they should be used to validate (and perhaps modify) data either
     before or after standard model parsing/validation is performed.
     """
-    pass
+    def dec(f):
+        f_cls = _prepare_validator(f, allow_reuse)
+        setattr(f_cls, ROOT_VALIDATOR_CONFIG_KEY, {
+            'pre': pre,
+            'skip_on_failure': skip_on_failure,
+        })
+        return f_cls
+
+    if _func is None:
+        return dec
+    else:
+        return dec(_func)


 def _prepare_validator(function: AnyCallable, allow_reuse: bool
@@ -72,7 +101,12 @@ def _prepare_validator(function: AnyCallable, allow_reuse: bool
     Avoid validators with duplicated names since without this, validators can be overwritten silently
     which generally isn't the intended behaviour, don't run in ipython (see #312) or if allow_reuse is False.
     """
-    pass
+    if not allow_reuse and not in_ipython():
+        function_name = function.__name__
+        if function_name in _FUNCS:
+            raise ConfigError(f'duplicate validator function "{function_name}"')
+        _FUNCS.add(function_name)
+    return classmethod(function)


 class ValidatorGroup:
@@ -92,7 +126,28 @@ def make_generic_validator(validator: AnyCallable) ->'ValidatorCallable':
     It's done like this so validators don't all need **kwargs in their signature, eg. any combination of
     the arguments "values", "fields" and/or "config" are permitted.
     """
-    pass
+    signature = Signature.from_callable(validator)
+    param_names = list(signature.parameters.keys())
+    if param_names == ['cls']:
+        return validator
+    
+    kwarg_names = set(param_names) & all_kwargs
+    
+    @wraps(validator)
+    def wrapper(cls: Optional[ModelOrDc], v: Any, values: Dict[str, Any],
+                field: ModelField, config: Type[BaseConfig]) -> Any:
+        kwargs = {}
+        if 'v' in param_names:
+            kwargs['v'] = v
+        if 'values' in kwarg_names:
+            kwargs['values'] = values
+        if 'field' in kwarg_names:
+            kwargs['field'] = field
+        if 'config' in kwarg_names:
+            kwargs['config'] = config
+        return validator(cls, **kwargs)
+    
+    return wrapper


 all_kwargs = {'values', 'field', 'config'}
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/color.py b/pydantic/v1/color.py
index 021245ab..682b4d09 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/color.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/color.py
@@ -84,20 +84,26 @@ class Color(Representation):
         """
         Original value passed to Color
         """
-        pass
+        return self._original

     def as_hex(self) ->str:
         """
         Hex string representing the color can be 3, 4, 6 or 8 characters depending on whether the string
         a "short" representation of the color is possible and whether there's an alpha channel.
         """
-        pass
+        rgba = self._rgba
+        if rgba.alpha is None:
+            return f'#{int(rgba.r):02x}{int(rgba.g):02x}{int(rgba.b):02x}'
+        return f'#{int(rgba.r):02x}{int(rgba.g):02x}{int(rgba.b):02x}{int(rgba.alpha * 255):02x}'

     def as_rgb(self) ->str:
         """
         Color as an rgb(<r>, <g>, <b>) or rgba(<r>, <g>, <b>, <a>) string.
         """
-        pass
+        rgba = self._rgba
+        if rgba.alpha is None:
+            return f'rgb({int(rgba.r)}, {int(rgba.g)}, {int(rgba.b)})'
+        return f'rgba({int(rgba.r)}, {int(rgba.g)}, {int(rgba.b)}, {rgba.alpha:.2f})'

     def as_rgb_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool]=None) ->ColorTuple:
         """
@@ -109,13 +115,19 @@ class Color(Representation):
           True - always include alpha,
           False - always omit alpha,
         """
-        pass
+        rgba = self._rgba
+        if alpha is False or (alpha is None and rgba.alpha is None):
+            return (int(rgba.r), int(rgba.g), int(rgba.b))
+        return (int(rgba.r), int(rgba.g), int(rgba.b), rgba.alpha if rgba.alpha is not None else 1.0)

     def as_hsl(self) ->str:
         """
         Color as an hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>) or hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>, <a>) string.
         """
-        pass
+        h, s, l, a = self.as_hsl_tuple(alpha=True)
+        if a == 1:
+            return f'hsl({h:.0f}, {s:.0%}, {l:.0%})'
+        return f'hsla({h:.0f}, {s:.0%}, {l:.0%}, {a:.2f})'

     def as_hsl_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool]=None) ->HslColorTuple:
         """
@@ -129,7 +141,12 @@ class Color(Representation):
           True - always include alpha,
           False - always omit alpha,
         """
-        pass
+        rgba = self._rgba
+        h, l, s = rgb_to_hls(rgba.r / 255, rgba.g / 255, rgba.b / 255)
+        hsl = (h * 360 % 360, s, l)
+        if alpha is False or (alpha is None and rgba.alpha is None):
+            return hsl
+        return (*hsl, rgba.alpha if rgba.alpha is not None else 1.0)

     @classmethod
     def __get_validators__(cls) ->'CallableGenerator':
@@ -154,7 +171,13 @@ def parse_tuple(value: Tuple[Any, ...]) ->RGBA:
     """
     Parse a tuple or list as a color.
     """
-    pass
+    if len(value) == 3:
+        r, g, b = value
+        return RGBA(parse_color_value(r), parse_color_value(g), parse_color_value(b), None)
+    elif len(value) == 4:
+        r, g, b, a = value
+        return RGBA(parse_color_value(r), parse_color_value(g), parse_color_value(b), parse_float_alpha(a))
+    raise ColorError(reason='tuple must have 3 or 4 elements')


 def parse_str(value: str) ->RGBA:
@@ -166,7 +189,42 @@ def parse_str(value: str) ->RGBA:
     * `rgb(<r>, <g>, <b>) `
     * `rgba(<r>, <g>, <b>, <a>)`
     """
-    pass
+    value = value.lower().strip()
+    if value in COLORS_BY_NAME:
+        return RGBA(*[v / 255 for v in COLORS_BY_NAME[value]], None)
+
+    m = re.match(r_hex_short, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        *rgb, a = m.groups()
+        rgb = [int(c * 2, 16) / 255 for c in rgb]
+        return RGBA(*rgb, parse_float_alpha(int(a * 2, 16) / 255) if a else None)
+
+    m = re.match(r_hex_long, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        *rgb, a = m.groups()
+        rgb = [int(c, 16) / 255 for c in rgb]
+        return RGBA(*rgb, parse_float_alpha(int(a, 16) / 255) if a else None)
+
+    m = re.match(r_rgb, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        return RGBA(*[parse_color_value(v) / 255 for v in m.groups()], None)
+
+    m = re.match(r_rgba, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        *rgb, a = m.groups()
+        return RGBA(*[parse_color_value(v) / 255 for v in rgb], parse_float_alpha(a))
+
+    m = re.match(r_hsl, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        h, h_units, s, l = m.groups()
+        return parse_hsl(h, h_units, s, l)
+
+    m = re.match(r_hsla, value, re.I)
+    if m:
+        h, h_units, s, l, a = m.groups()
+        return parse_hsl(h, h_units, s, l, parse_float_alpha(a))
+
+    raise ColorError(reason='invalid color string')


 def parse_color_value(value: Union[int, str], max_val: int=255) ->float:
@@ -174,14 +232,33 @@ def parse_color_value(value: Union[int, str], max_val: int=255) ->float:
     Parse a value checking it's a valid int in the range 0 to max_val and divide by max_val to give a number
     in the range 0 to 1
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        color = float(value)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ColorError(reason=f'invalid color value: {value}')
+
+    if 0 <= color <= max_val:
+        return color / max_val
+    raise ColorError(reason=f'color value must be in the range 0 to {max_val}')


 def parse_float_alpha(value: Union[None, str, float, int]) ->Optional[float]:
     """
     Parse a value checking it's a valid float in the range 0 to 1
     """
-    pass
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        if isinstance(value, str) and value.endswith('%'):
+            alpha = float(value[:-1]) / 100
+        else:
+            alpha = float(value)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ColorError(reason=f'invalid alpha value: {value}')
+
+    if 0 <= alpha <= 1:
+        return alpha
+    raise ColorError(reason='alpha value must be in the range 0 to 1')


 def parse_hsl(h: str, h_units: str, sat: str, light: str, alpha: Optional[
@@ -189,7 +266,24 @@ def parse_hsl(h: str, h_units: str, sat: str, light: str, alpha: Optional[
     """
     Parse raw hue, saturation, lightness and alpha values and convert to RGBA.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        h = float(h)
+        s = float(sat.rstrip('%')) / 100
+        l = float(light.rstrip('%')) / 100
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ColorError(reason='invalid hsl string')
+
+    if h_units == 'deg':
+        h = h % 360 / 360
+    elif h_units == 'rad':
+        h = h % rads / rads
+    elif h_units == 'turn':
+        h = h % 1
+    else:
+        h = h % 360 / 360
+
+    r, g, b = hls_to_rgb(h, l, s)
+    return RGBA(r, g, b, alpha)


 COLORS_BY_NAME = {'aliceblue': (240, 248, 255), 'antiquewhite': (250, 235, 
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/config.py b/pydantic/v1/config.py
index 5c249595..b18461c1 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/config.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/config.py
@@ -107,11 +107,15 @@ class BaseConfig:
         """
         Get properties of FieldInfo from the `fields` property of the config class.
         """
-        pass
+        field_info = cls.fields.get(name, {})
+        if isinstance(field_info, str):
+            field_info = {'alias': field_info}
+        return field_info

     @classmethod
     def prepare_field(cls, field: 'ModelField') ->None:
         """
         Optional hook to check or modify fields during model creation.
         """
-        pass
+        if cls.alias_generator and not field.has_alias:
+            field.alias = cls.alias_generator(field.name)
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/dataclasses.py b/pydantic/v1/dataclasses.py
index 91caa9b0..4d39a6ac 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/dataclasses.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/dataclasses.py
@@ -97,7 +97,19 @@ def dataclass(_cls: Optional[Type[_T]]=None, *, init: bool=True, repr: bool
     or a wrapper that will trigger validation around a stdlib dataclass
     to avoid modifying it directly
     """
-    pass
+    def wrap(cls: Type[_T]) -> 'DataclassClassOrWrapper':
+        if is_builtin_dataclass(cls):
+            if use_proxy is not False:
+                return DataclassProxy(cls)
+            else:
+                return create_pydantic_model_from_dataclass(cls, config, validate_on_init)
+        else:
+            return _process_class(cls, init, repr, eq, order, unsafe_hash, frozen,
+                                  config, validate_on_init, kw_only=kw_only)
+
+    if _cls is None:
+        return wrap
+    return wrap(_cls)


 class DataclassProxy:
@@ -133,7 +145,33 @@ def _add_pydantic_validation_attributes(dc_cls: Type['Dataclass'], config:
     it won't even exist (code is generated on the fly by `dataclasses`)
     By default, we run validation after `__init__` or `__post_init__` if defined
     """
-    pass
+    dc_cls.__pydantic_model__ = create_model(dc_cls.__name__, __config__=config, __module__=dc_cls.__module__, __validators__=gather_all_validators(dc_cls), **{f.name: (f.type, f) for f in dataclasses.fields(dc_cls)})
+    dc_cls.__pydantic_run_validation__ = True
+    dc_cls.__pydantic_initialised__ = False
+    dc_cls.__pydantic_validate_values__ = _dataclass_validate_values
+    dc_cls.__pydantic_has_field_info_default__ = False
+    
+    if validate_on_init:
+        original_init = dc_cls.__init__
+        
+        @wraps(original_init)
+        def new_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            original_init(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            self.__pydantic_validate_values__()
+        
+        dc_cls.__init__ = new_init
+    
+    if hasattr(dc_cls, '__post_init__'):
+        original_post_init = dc_cls.__post_init__
+        
+        @wraps(original_post_init)
+        def new_post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            original_post_init(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            self.__pydantic_validate_values__()
+        
+        dc_cls.__post_init__ = new_post_init
+    
+    dc_cls.__doc__ = dc_cls_doc


 if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
@@ -161,7 +199,11 @@ def is_builtin_dataclass(_cls: Type[Any]) ->bool:
     In this case, when we first check `B`, we make an extra check and look at the annotations ('y'),
     which won't be a superset of all the dataclass fields (only the stdlib fields i.e. 'x')
     """
-    pass
+    return (
+        dataclasses.is_dataclass(_cls) and
+        not hasattr(_cls, '__pydantic_model__') and
+        getattr(_cls, '__dataclass_fields__', None) == getattr(_cls, '__annotations__', None)
+    )


 def make_dataclass_validator(dc_cls: Type['Dataclass'], config: Type[
@@ -171,4 +213,22 @@ def make_dataclass_validator(dc_cls: Type['Dataclass'], config: Type[
     and yield the validators
     It retrieves the parameters of the dataclass and forwards them to the newly created dataclass
     """
-    pass
+    validators = gather_all_validators(dc_cls)
+    model = create_model(
+        dc_cls.__name__,
+        __config__=config,
+        __module__=dc_cls.__module__,
+        __validators__=validators,
+        **{f.name: (f.type, f) for f in dataclasses.fields(dc_cls)}
+    )
+
+    def dataclass_validator(value: Any) -> 'Dataclass':
+        if isinstance(value, dc_cls):
+            return value
+        elif not isinstance(value, dict):
+            raise DataclassTypeError(dc_cls)
+        
+        validated_dict, _ = validate_model(model, value)
+        return dc_cls(**validated_dict)
+
+    yield dataclass_validator
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/datetime_parse.py b/pydantic/v1/datetime_parse.py
index 82d98b48..e031e01e 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/datetime_parse.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/datetime_parse.py
@@ -44,7 +44,24 @@ def parse_date(value: Union[date, StrBytesIntFloat]) ->date:
     Raise ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid date.
     Raise ValueError if the input isn't well formatted.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(value, date):
+        return value
+    elif isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        if value > MAX_NUMBER:
+            raise ValueError('Timestamp is too large')
+        if value > MS_WATERSHED:
+            # Convert from milliseconds
+            value /= 1000
+        return (EPOCH + timedelta(seconds=int(value))).date()
+    elif isinstance(value, str):
+        match = date_re.match(value)
+        if match:
+            kw = {k: int(v) for k, v in match.groupdict().items()}
+            return date(**kw)
+    elif isinstance(value, bytes):
+        return parse_date(value.decode())
+    
+    raise ValueError('Invalid date format')


 def parse_time(value: Union[time, StrBytesIntFloat]) ->time:
@@ -54,7 +71,22 @@ def parse_time(value: Union[time, StrBytesIntFloat]) ->time:
     Raise ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid time.
     Raise ValueError if the input isn't well formatted, in particular if it contains an offset.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(value, time):
+        return value
+    elif isinstance(value, str):
+        match = time_re.match(value)
+        if match:
+            kw = match.groupdict()
+            if kw['microsecond']:
+                kw['microsecond'] = kw['microsecond'].ljust(6, '0')
+            kw = {k: int(v) if v else 0 for k, v in kw.items() if k != 'tzinfo'}
+            if match.groupdict()['tzinfo']:
+                raise ValueError('Offset-aware times are not supported')
+            return time(**kw)
+    elif isinstance(value, bytes):
+        return parse_time(value.decode())
+    
+    raise ValueError('Invalid time format')


 def parse_datetime(value: Union[datetime, StrBytesIntFloat]) ->datetime:
@@ -67,7 +99,38 @@ def parse_datetime(value: Union[datetime, StrBytesIntFloat]) ->datetime:
     Raise ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid datetime.
     Raise ValueError if the input isn't well formatted.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(value, datetime):
+        return value
+    elif isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        if value > MAX_NUMBER:
+            raise ValueError('Timestamp is too large')
+        if value > MS_WATERSHED:
+            # Convert from milliseconds
+            value /= 1000
+        return EPOCH + timedelta(seconds=int(value))
+    elif isinstance(value, str):
+        match = datetime_re.match(value)
+        if match:
+            kw = match.groupdict()
+            if kw['microsecond']:
+                kw['microsecond'] = kw['microsecond'].ljust(6, '0')
+            tzinfo = kw.pop('tzinfo')
+            kw = {k: int(v) if v else 0 for k, v in kw.items()}
+            if tzinfo == 'Z':
+                tzinfo = timezone.utc
+            elif tzinfo:
+                offset_mins = int(tzinfo[-2:]) if len(tzinfo) > 3 else 0
+                offset = 60 * int(tzinfo[1:3]) + offset_mins
+                if tzinfo[0] == '-':
+                    offset = -offset
+                tzinfo = timezone(timedelta(minutes=offset))
+            else:
+                tzinfo = None
+            return datetime(tzinfo=tzinfo, **kw)
+    elif isinstance(value, bytes):
+        return parse_datetime(value.decode())
+    
+    raise ValueError('Invalid datetime format')


 def parse_duration(value: StrBytesIntFloat) ->timedelta:
@@ -78,4 +141,30 @@ def parse_duration(value: StrBytesIntFloat) ->timedelta:

     Also supports ISO 8601 representation.
     """
-    pass
+    if isinstance(value, timedelta):
+        return value
+    elif isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        return timedelta(seconds=int(value))
+    elif isinstance(value, str):
+        match = standard_duration_re.match(value)
+        if match:
+            kw = match.groupdict()
+            days = int(kw.pop('days', 0) or 0)
+            sign = -1 if kw.pop('sign', '+') == '-' else 1
+            if kw.get('microseconds'):
+                kw['microseconds'] = kw['microseconds'].ljust(6, '0')
+            kw = {k: float(v) for k, v in kw.items() if v is not None}
+            return sign * timedelta(days=days, **kw)
+        
+        match = iso8601_duration_re.match(value)
+        if match:
+            kw = match.groupdict()
+            sign = -1 if kw.pop('sign') == '-' else 1
+            days = kw.pop('days', None)
+            if days is not None:
+                days = float(days)
+            return sign * timedelta(days=days, **{k: float(v) for k, v in kw.items() if v is not None})
+    elif isinstance(value, bytes):
+        return parse_duration(value.decode())
+    
+    raise ValueError('Invalid duration format')
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/decorator.py b/pydantic/v1/decorator.py
index 55a4b3c3..bb2715f3 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/decorator.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/decorator.py
@@ -18,7 +18,21 @@ def validate_arguments(func: Optional['AnyCallableT']=None, *, config:
     """
     Decorator to validate the arguments passed to a function.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(f: 'AnyCallableT') -> 'AnyCallableT':
+        validated_func = ValidatedFunction(f, config)
+
+        @wraps(f)
+        def wrapper(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+            return validated_func.call(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        wrapper.vd = validated_func  # type: ignore
+        wrapper.raw_function = f  # type: ignore
+        wrapper.model = validated_func.model  # type: ignore
+        return wrapper  # type: ignore
+
+    if func:
+        return decorator(func)
+    return decorator


 ALT_V_ARGS = 'v__args'
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/env_settings.py b/pydantic/v1/env_settings.py
index 8ef7409b..6e3a9515 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/env_settings.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/env_settings.py
@@ -118,7 +118,16 @@ class EnvSettingsSource:
         """
         Find out if a field is complex, and if so whether JSON errors should be ignored
         """
-        pass
+        if lenient_issubclass(field.type_, BaseModel):
+            return True, True
+
+        if field.is_complex():
+            if lenient_issubclass(get_origin(field.type_), (list, set, tuple, dict)):
+                return True, True
+            if is_union(get_origin(field.type_)):
+                return True, False
+
+        return False, False

     def explode_env_vars(self, field: ModelField, env_vars: Mapping[str,
         Optional[str]]) ->Dict[str, Any]:
@@ -127,7 +136,29 @@ class EnvSettingsSource:

         This is applied to a single field, hence filtering by env_var prefix.
         """
-        pass
+        result: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        prefix = f'{self.env_prefix_len}{field.name}{self.env_nested_delimiter or ""}'
+
+        for env_name, env_val in env_vars.items():
+            if not env_name.startswith(prefix):
+                continue
+            
+            if self.env_nested_delimiter:
+                env_name = env_name[len(prefix):]
+                if not env_name:
+                    result = env_val
+                else:
+                    self._nested_set(result, env_name.split(self.env_nested_delimiter), env_val)
+            else:
+                result[env_name] = env_val
+
+        return result
+
+    def _nested_set(self, d: Dict[str, Any], keys: List[str], value: Any) -> None:
+        """Helper method to set nested dictionary values."""
+        for key in keys[:-1]:
+            d = d.setdefault(key, {})
+        d[keys[-1]] = value

     def __repr__(self) ->str:
         return (
@@ -187,4 +218,11 @@ def find_case_path(dir_path: Path, file_name: str, case_sensitive: bool
     """
     Find a file within path's directory matching filename, optionally ignoring case.
     """
-    pass
+    if case_sensitive:
+        path = dir_path / file_name
+        return path if path.exists() else None
+    else:
+        for path in dir_path.iterdir():
+            if path.name.lower() == file_name.lower():
+                return path
+    return None
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/errors.py b/pydantic/v1/errors.py
index 20d3509b..e38e2f1a 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/errors.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/errors.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def cls_kwargs(cls: Type['PydanticErrorMixin'], ctx: 'DictStrAny'
     Since we only use kwargs, we need a little constructor to change that.
     Note: the callable can't be a lambda as pickle looks in the namespace to find it
     """
-    pass
+    return cls(**ctx)


 class PydanticErrorMixin:
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/fields.py b/pydantic/v1/fields.py
index 5364c353..36fec92c 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/fields.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/fields.py
@@ -102,13 +102,19 @@ class FieldInfo(Representation):

         :return: the constraints set on field_info
         """
-        pass
+        return {
+            attr
+            for attr, default in self.__field_constraints__.items()
+            if getattr(self, attr) != default
+        }

     def update_from_config(self, from_config: Dict[str, Any]) ->None:
         """
-        Update this FieldInfo based on a dict from get_field_info, only fields which have not been set are dated.
+        Update this FieldInfo based on a dict from get_field_info, only fields which have not been set are updated.
         """
-        pass
+        for key, value in from_config.items():
+            if getattr(self, key) is None:
+                setattr(self, key, value)


 def Field(default: Any=Undefined, *, default_factory: Optional[
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/generics.py b/pydantic/v1/generics.py
index 2211c779..0f262783 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/generics.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/generics.py
@@ -189,7 +189,31 @@ def replace_types(type_: Any, type_map: Mapping[Any, Any]) ->Any:
     Tuple[int, Union[List[int], float]]

     """
-    pass
+    if type_ in type_map:
+        return type_map[type_]
+    
+    origin = get_origin(type_)
+    if origin is None:
+        return type_
+    
+    args = get_args(type_)
+    if not args:
+        return type_
+    
+    new_args = tuple(replace_types(arg, type_map) for arg in args)
+    if all(new_arg is arg for new_arg, arg in zip(new_args, args)):
+        return type_
+    
+    if origin is Union:
+        return Union[new_args]
+    if origin is Annotated:
+        return Annotated[new_args[0], *new_args[1:]]
+    if origin is ExtLiteral:
+        return ExtLiteral[new_args]
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10) and isinstance(origin, _UnionGenericAlias):
+        return origin[new_args]
+    
+    return origin[new_args]


 DictValues: Type[Any] = {}.values().__class__
@@ -197,7 +221,24 @@ DictValues: Type[Any] = {}.values().__class__

 def iter_contained_typevars(v: Any) ->Iterator[TypeVarType]:
     """Recursively iterate through all subtypes and type args of `v` and yield any typevars that are found."""
-    pass
+    if isinstance(v, TypeVar):
+        yield v
+    elif isinstance(v, (GenericAlias, types.GenericAlias)):
+        yield from iter_contained_typevars(get_origin(v))
+        for arg in get_args(v):
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(arg)
+    elif isinstance(v, type):
+        for base in v.__bases__:
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(base)
+        if hasattr(v, '__parameters__'):
+            for param in v.__parameters__:
+                yield from iter_contained_typevars(param)
+    elif isinstance(v, (list, tuple, Dict, set)):
+        for item in v:
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(item)
+    elif isinstance(v, DictValues):
+        for item in v:
+            yield from iter_contained_typevars(item)


 def get_caller_frame_info() ->Tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
@@ -208,7 +249,17 @@ def get_caller_frame_info() ->Tuple[Optional[str], bool]:

     :returns Tuple[module_name, called_globally]
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        previous_frame = sys._getframe(2)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None, False
+    
+    module_name = previous_frame.f_globals.get('__name__')
+    if module_name is None:
+        return None, False
+    
+    called_globally = previous_frame.f_locals is previous_frame.f_globals
+    return module_name, called_globally


 def _prepare_model_fields(created_model: Type[GenericModel], fields:
@@ -217,4 +268,18 @@ def _prepare_model_fields(created_model: Type[GenericModel], fields:
     """
     Replace DeferredType fields with concrete type hints and prepare them.
     """
-    pass
+    for name, field in fields.items():
+        if not isinstance(field, DeferredType):
+            continue
+        
+        type_hint = instance_type_hints.get(name)
+        if type_hint is None:
+            continue
+        
+        concrete_type = replace_types(type_hint, typevars_map)
+        field.type_ = concrete_type
+        created_model.__fields__[name].type_ = concrete_type
+        created_model.__fields__[name].outer_type_ = concrete_type
+        
+        if isinstance(concrete_type, type) and issubclass(concrete_type, JsonWrapper):
+            created_model.__fields__[name].shape = concrete_type.shape
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/json.py b/pydantic/v1/json.py
index 9de1baa2..c58af4fd 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/json.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/json.py
@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ def decimal_encoder(dec_value: Decimal) ->Union[int, float]:
     >>> decimal_encoder(Decimal("1"))
     1
     """
-    pass
+    if dec_value.as_tuple().exponent >= 0:
+        return int(dec_value)
+    else:
+        return float(dec_value)


 ENCODERS_BY_TYPE: Dict[Type[Any], Callable[[Any], Any]] = {bytes: lambda o:
@@ -46,4 +49,19 @@ def timedelta_isoformat(td: datetime.timedelta) ->str:
     """
     ISO 8601 encoding for Python timedelta object.
     """
-    pass
+    total_seconds = td.total_seconds()
+    hours, remainder = divmod(total_seconds, 3600)
+    minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
+    
+    parts = []
+    if td.days:
+        parts.append(f"{td.days}D")
+    if hours or minutes or seconds:
+        parts.append(f"{int(hours):02}H")
+        parts.append(f"{int(minutes):02}M")
+        parts.append(f"{seconds:06.3f}S")
+    
+    if not parts:
+        return "PT0S"
+    
+    return "P" + "T".join(parts)
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/main.py b/pydantic/v1/main.py
index 48a9e5a2..dc07df4a 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/main.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/main.py
@@ -313,7 +313,16 @@ class BaseModel(Representation, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
         Generate a dictionary representation of the model, optionally specifying which fields to include or exclude.

         """
-        pass
+        return dict_utils.model_dump(
+            self,
+            include=include,
+            exclude=exclude,
+            by_alias=by_alias,
+            skip_defaults=skip_defaults,
+            exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none
+        )

     def json(self, *, include: Optional[Union['AbstractSetIntStr',
         'MappingIntStrAny']]=None, exclude: Optional[Union[
@@ -327,7 +336,19 @@ class BaseModel(Representation, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):

         `encoder` is an optional function to supply as `default` to json.dumps(), other arguments as per `json.dumps()`.
         """
-        pass
+        return json.dumps(
+            self.dict(
+                include=include,
+                exclude=exclude,
+                by_alias=by_alias,
+                skip_defaults=skip_defaults,
+                exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+                exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+                exclude_none=exclude_none,
+            ),
+            default=encoder or self.__json_encoder__,
+            **dumps_kwargs
+        )

     @classmethod
     def construct(cls: Type['Model'], _fields_set: Optional['SetStr']=None,
@@ -337,7 +358,21 @@ class BaseModel(Representation, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
         Default values are respected, but no other validation is performed.
         Behaves as if `Config.extra = 'allow'` was set since it adds all passed values
         """
-        pass
+        m = cls.__new__(cls)
+        fields_values = {}
+        for name, field in cls.__fields__.items():
+            if name in values:
+                fields_values[name] = values[name]
+            elif field.default is not Undefined:
+                fields_values[name] = field.default
+            elif field.default_factory is not None:
+                fields_values[name] = field.default_factory()
+        fields_values.update({k: v for k, v in values.items() if k not in cls.__fields__})
+        object_setattr(m, '__dict__', fields_values)
+        if _fields_set is None:
+            _fields_set = set(values.keys())
+        object_setattr(m, '__fields_set__', _fields_set)
+        return m

     def copy(self: 'Model', *, include: Optional[Union['AbstractSetIntStr',
         'MappingIntStrAny']]=None, exclude: Optional[Union[
@@ -353,7 +388,15 @@ class BaseModel(Representation, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
         :param deep: set to `True` to make a deep copy of the model
         :return: new model instance
         """
-        pass
+        values = dict_utils.model_copy(
+            self,
+            include=include,
+            exclude=exclude,
+            update=update,
+            deep=deep,
+        )
+        # Use construct to create a new instance of the model
+        return self.__class__.construct(_fields_set=self.__fields_set__.copy(), **values)

     @classmethod
     def __get_validators__(cls) ->'CallableGenerator':
@@ -373,7 +416,7 @@ class BaseModel(Representation, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
         """
         Try to update ForwardRefs on fields based on this Model, globalns and localns.
         """
-        pass
+        update_model_forward_refs(cls, cls.__fields__.values(), cls.__config__.json_encoders, localns)

     def __iter__(self) ->'TupleGenerator':
         """
@@ -417,7 +460,43 @@ def create_model(__model_name: str, *, __config__: Optional[Type[BaseConfig
         `foo=Field(datetime, default_factory=datetime.utcnow, alias='bar')` or
         `foo=(str, FieldInfo(title='Foo'))`
     """
-    pass
+    if __slots__ is not None:
+        warnings.warn('__slots__ should not be passed to create_model', DeprecationWarning)
+
+    fields = {}
+    annotations = {}
+
+    for f_name, f_def in field_definitions.items():
+        if isinstance(f_def, tuple):
+            try:
+                f_annotation, f_value = f_def
+            except ValueError:
+                raise ValueError(f'field {f_name} definition should be tuple of (<type>, <default>) or (<type>, <FieldInfo>)')
+        else:
+            f_annotation, f_value = None, f_def
+
+        if f_annotation:
+            annotations[f_name] = f_annotation
+        fields[f_name] = f_value
+
+    namespace = {
+        '__annotations__': annotations,
+        '__module__': __module__,
+    }
+    if __validators__:
+        namespace.update(__validators__)
+    namespace.update(fields)
+
+    if __base__ is not None:
+        bases = (__base__,) if isinstance(__base__, type) else __base__
+    else:
+        bases = (BaseModel,)
+
+    if __config__ is not None:
+        namespace['Config'] = __config__
+
+    cls = type(__model_name, bases, namespace, **(__cls_kwargs__ or {}))
+    return cls


 _missing = object()
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/mypy.py b/pydantic/v1/mypy.py
index 69913f63..5a24e674 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/mypy.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/mypy.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def plugin(version: str) ->'TypingType[Plugin]':
     We might want to use this to print a warning if the mypy version being used is
     newer, or especially older, than we expect (or need).
     """
-    pass
+    return PydanticPlugin


 class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
@@ -54,14 +54,16 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):

         Mypy version 1.1.1 added support for `@dataclass_transform` decorator.
         """
-        pass
+        if fullname == DATACLASS_FULLNAME:
+            return dataclasses.dataclass_class_maker_callback
+        return None

     def report_config_data(self, ctx: ReportConfigContext) ->Dict[str, Any]:
         """Return all plugin config data.

         Used by mypy to determine if cache needs to be discarded.
         """
-        pass
+        return self._plugin_data

     def _pydantic_model_metaclass_marker_callback(self, ctx: ClassDefContext
         ) ->None:
@@ -70,7 +72,8 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
         Let the plugin handle it. This behavior can be disabled
         if 'debug_dataclass_transform' is set to True', for testing purposes.
         """
-        pass
+        if not self.plugin_config.debug_dataclass_transform:
+            ctx.cls.info.metadata.setdefault(METADATA_KEY, {})['dataclass_transform_spec'] = None

     def _pydantic_field_callback(self, ctx: FunctionContext) ->'Type':
         """
@@ -81,7 +84,23 @@ class PydanticPlugin(Plugin):
         * Output an error if both are specified.
         * Retrieve the type of the argument which is specified, and use it as return type for the function.
         """
-        pass
+        default_arg = ctx.arg_names.index('default') if 'default' in ctx.arg_names else None
+        default_factory_arg = ctx.arg_names.index('default_factory') if 'default_factory' in ctx.arg_names else None
+
+        if default_arg is not None and default_factory_arg is not None:
+            ctx.api.fail('Field cannot specify both default and default_factory', ctx.context)
+            return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+
+        if default_arg is not None:
+            default_type = ctx.arg_types[default_arg][0]
+            return default_type
+        elif default_factory_arg is not None:
+            default_factory_type = ctx.arg_types[default_factory_arg][0]
+            if isinstance(default_factory_type, CallableType):
+                return default_factory_type.ret_type
+            return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+
+        return AnyType(TypeOfAny.implementation_artifact)


 class PydanticPluginConfig:
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/networks.py b/pydantic/v1/networks.py
index 8106fecb..c1a2e993 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/networks.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/networks.py
@@ -66,7 +66,14 @@ def multi_host_url_regex() ->Pattern[str]:
     Additionally to `url_regex` it allows to match multiple hosts.
     E.g. host1.db.net,host2.db.net
     """
-    pass
+    global _multi_host_url_regex_cache
+    if _multi_host_url_regex_cache is None:
+        pattern = (
+            f'{_scheme_regex}{_user_info_regex}(?:{_host_regex}(?:,{_host_regex})*)'
+            f'{_path_regex}{_query_regex}{_fragment_regex}'
+        )
+        _multi_host_url_regex_cache = re.compile(pattern, re.IGNORECASE)
+    return _multi_host_url_regex_cache


 class AnyUrl(str):
@@ -117,7 +124,20 @@ class AnyUrl(str):
         Validate hosts and build the AnyUrl object. Split from `validate` so this method
         can be altered in `MultiHostDsn`.
         """
-        pass
+        parts = cls.validate_parts(parts)
+        return cls(
+            url,
+            scheme=parts['scheme'],
+            user=parts.get('user'),
+            password=parts.get('password'),
+            host=parts.get('domain') or parts.get('ipv4') or parts.get('ipv6'),
+            tld=parts.get('tld'),
+            host_type=parts.get('host_type', 'domain'),
+            port=parts.get('port'),
+            path=parts.get('path'),
+            query=parts.get('query'),
+            fragment=parts.get('fragment')
+        )

     @classmethod
     def validate_parts(cls, parts: 'Parts', validate_port: bool=True
@@ -126,7 +146,22 @@ class AnyUrl(str):
         A method used to validate parts of a URL.
         Could be overridden to set default values for parts if missing
         """
-        pass
+        if cls.allowed_schemes and parts['scheme'] not in cls.allowed_schemes:
+            raise errors.UrlSchemeError(allowed_schemes=cls.allowed_schemes)
+        
+        if cls.tld_required and parts.get('tld') is None:
+            raise errors.UrlTldError()
+        
+        if cls.user_required and not parts.get('user'):
+            raise errors.UrlUserInfoError()
+        
+        if validate_port and parts.get('port'):
+            try:
+                parts['port'] = str(int(parts['port']))
+            except ValueError:
+                raise errors.UrlPortError()
+        
+        return parts

     def __repr__(self) ->str:
         extra = ', '.join(f'{n}={getattr(self, n)!r}' for n in self.
@@ -206,6 +241,10 @@ class EmailStr(str):
         yield str_validator
         yield cls.validate

+    @classmethod
+    def validate(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return validate_email(value)[1]
+

 class NameEmail(Representation):
     __slots__ = 'name', 'email'
@@ -230,6 +269,13 @@ class NameEmail(Representation):
     def __str__(self) ->str:
         return f'{self.name} <{self.email}>'

+    @classmethod
+    def validate(cls, value: Union[str, 'NameEmail']) -> 'NameEmail':
+        if isinstance(value, cls):
+            return value
+        name, email = validate_email(value)
+        return cls(name or '', email)
+

 class IPvAnyAddress(_BaseAddress):
     __slots__ = ()
@@ -281,4 +327,23 @@ def validate_email(value: Union[str]) ->Tuple[str, str]:
     * "John Doe <local_part@domain.com>" style "pretty" email addresses are processed
     * spaces are striped from the beginning and end of addresses but no error is raised
     """
-    pass
+    if email_validator is None:
+        import_email_validator()
+
+    if len(value) > MAX_EMAIL_LENGTH:
+        raise errors.EmailError('Email address too long')
+
+    value = value.strip()
+
+    match = pretty_email_regex.fullmatch(value)
+    if match:
+        name, value = match.groups()
+    else:
+        name = ''
+
+    try:
+        email_validator.validate_email(value, check_deliverability=False)
+    except email_validator.EmailNotValidError as e:
+        raise errors.EmailError(str(e))
+
+    return name, value
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/schema.py b/pydantic/v1/schema.py
index 073f563a..e41e829f 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/schema.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/schema.py
@@ -48,7 +48,26 @@ def schema(models: Sequence[Union[Type['BaseModel'], Type['Dataclass']]], *,
     :return: dict with the JSON Schema with a ``definitions`` top-level key including the schema definitions for
       the models and sub-models passed in ``models``.
     """
-    pass
+    definitions = {}
+    schema_dict = {
+        "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+        "definitions": definitions,
+    }
+
+    if title:
+        schema_dict["title"] = title
+    if description:
+        schema_dict["description"] = description
+
+    for model in models:
+        model_schema, model_definitions, _ = model_schema(
+            model, by_alias=by_alias, ref_prefix=ref_prefix, ref_template=ref_template
+        )
+        definitions.update(model_definitions)
+        model_name = model.__name__
+        definitions[model_name] = model_schema
+
+    return schema_dict


 def model_schema(model: Union[Type['BaseModel'], Type['Dataclass']],
@@ -70,7 +89,17 @@ def model_schema(model: Union[Type['BaseModel'], Type['Dataclass']],
       sibling json file in a ``/schemas`` directory use ``"/schemas/${model}.json#"``.
     :return: dict with the JSON Schema for the passed ``model``
     """
-    pass
+    model_name_map = get_model_name_map(get_flat_models_from_model(model))
+    model_schema, definitions, _ = model_process_schema(
+        model,
+        by_alias=by_alias,
+        model_name_map=model_name_map,
+        ref_prefix=ref_prefix,
+        ref_template=ref_template,
+    )
+    schema = {"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#", "definitions": definitions}
+    schema.update(model_schema)
+    return schema


 def field_schema(field: ModelField, *, by_alias: bool=True, model_name_map:
@@ -94,7 +123,26 @@ def field_schema(field: ModelField, *, by_alias: bool=True, model_name_map:
     :param known_models: used to solve circular references
     :return: tuple of the schema for this field and additional definitions
     """
-    pass
+    schema_overrides = False
+    known_models = known_models or set()
+    schema, definitions, nested_models = field_type_schema(
+        field,
+        by_alias=by_alias,
+        model_name_map=model_name_map,
+        schema_overrides=schema_overrides,
+        ref_prefix=ref_prefix,
+        ref_template=ref_template,
+        known_models=known_models,
+    )
+    # Add field constraints
+    schema.update(get_field_schema_validations(field))
+    if field.required:
+        schema['title'] = field.alias if by_alias else field.name
+    if field.default is not None and not field.required:
+        schema['default'] = field.default
+    if field.description:
+        schema['description'] = field.description
+    return schema, definitions, nested_models


 numeric_types = int, float, Decimal
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/tools.py b/pydantic/v1/tools.py
index d1551536..212b5539 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/tools.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/tools.py
@@ -12,14 +12,47 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pydantic.v1.typing import DictStrAny
 T = TypeVar('T')

+def parse_obj_as(type_: Type[T], obj: Any) -> T:
+    from pydantic.v1.main import create_model
+
+    model = create_model('TempModel', __root__=(type_, ...))
+    return model(__root__=obj).__root__
+
+def parse_raw_as(type_: Type[T], b: StrBytes, *, content_type: str = None, encoding: str = 'utf8',
+                 proto: Protocol = None, allow_pickle: bool = False) -> T:
+    obj = load_str_bytes(b, proto=proto, content_type=content_type, encoding=encoding, allow_pickle=allow_pickle)
+    return parse_obj_as(type_, obj)
+
+def parse_file_as(type_: Type[T], path: Union[str, Path], *, content_type: str = None, encoding: str = 'utf8',
+                  proto: Protocol = None, allow_pickle: bool = False) -> T:
+    obj = load_file(path, proto=proto, content_type=content_type, encoding=encoding, allow_pickle=allow_pickle)
+    return parse_obj_as(type_, obj)
+

 def schema_of(type_: Any, *, title: Optional[NameFactory]=None, **
     schema_kwargs: Any) ->'DictStrAny':
     """Generate a JSON schema (as dict) for the passed model or dynamically generated one"""
-    pass
+    from pydantic.v1.main import create_model
+
+    if isinstance(type_, type) and issubclass(type_, Protocol):
+        raise TypeError("Cannot generate schema for Protocol class")
+
+    model = create_model('TempModel', __root__=(type_, ...))
+    schema = model.schema(**schema_kwargs)
+
+    if title is not None:
+        if callable(title):
+            schema['title'] = title(type_)
+        else:
+            schema['title'] = title
+    elif 'title' not in schema:
+        schema['title'] = display_as_type(type_)
+
+    return schema


 def schema_json_of(type_: Any, *, title: Optional[NameFactory]=None, **
     schema_json_kwargs: Any) ->str:
     """Generate a JSON schema (as JSON) for the passed model or dynamically generated one"""
-    pass
+    schema = schema_of(type_, title=title)
+    return json.dumps(schema, **schema_json_kwargs)
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/types.py b/pydantic/v1/types.py
index 5c45c9e0..6450d121 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/types.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/types.py
@@ -82,7 +82,9 @@ else:
             """
             Ensure that we only allow bools.
             """
-            pass
+            if isinstance(value, bool):
+                return value
+            raise ValueError('value is not a valid boolean')


 class ConstrainedInt(int, metaclass=ConstrainedNumberMeta):
@@ -473,6 +475,25 @@ class SecretStr(SecretField):
     @classmethod
     def __get_validators__(cls) ->'CallableGenerator':
         yield cls.validate
+
+    @classmethod
+    def validate(cls, v: Union[int, float, str]) -> 'ByteSize':
+        if isinstance(v, (int, float)):
+            return cls(v)
+        elif isinstance(v, str):
+            match = byte_string_re.match(v)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError('Invalid byte string format')
+            num, unit = match.groups()
+            num = float(num)
+            if not unit:
+                unit = 'b'
+            multiplier = BYTE_SIZES.get(unit.lower())
+            if not multiplier:
+                raise ValueError(f'Invalid byte unit: {unit}')
+            return cls(int(num * multiplier))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Value must be int, float or string')
         yield constr_length_validator

     def __init__(self, value: str):
@@ -550,7 +571,16 @@ class PaymentCardNumber(str):
         """
         Based on: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm
         """
-        pass
+        digits = [int(d) for d in card_number if d.isdigit()]
+        checksum = 0
+        odd_digits = digits[-1::-2]
+        even_digits = digits[-2::-2]
+        checksum += sum(odd_digits)
+        for digit in even_digits:
+            checksum += sum(divmod(digit * 2, 10))
+        if checksum % 10 == 0:
+            return card_number
+        raise ValueError('Invalid card number (failed Luhn check)')

     @classmethod
     def validate_length_for_brand(cls, card_number: 'PaymentCardNumber'
@@ -559,7 +589,14 @@ class PaymentCardNumber(str):
         Validate length based on BIN for major brands:
         https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_card_number#Issuer_identification_number_(IIN)
         """
-        pass
+        length = len(card_number)
+        if card_number.brand == PaymentCardBrand.amex and length == 15:
+            return card_number
+        elif card_number.brand in (PaymentCardBrand.mastercard, PaymentCardBrand.visa) and length in (16, 19):
+            return card_number
+        elif card_number.brand == PaymentCardBrand.other and 12 <= length <= 19:
+            return card_number
+        raise ValueError(f'Invalid length for {card_number.brand} card')


 BYTE_SIZES = {'b': 1, 'kb': 10 ** 3, 'mb': 10 ** 6, 'gb': 10 ** 9, 'tb': 10 **
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/typing.py b/pydantic/v1/typing.py
index 72034371..2581329e 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/typing.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/typing.py
@@ -38,7 +38,10 @@ else:
         It should be useless once https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/3537 is
         solved and https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/pull/1753 is merged.
         """
-        pass
+        origin = _typing_get_origin(tp)
+        if origin is None and isinstance(tp, type):
+            return tp
+        return origin
 if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
     from typing import _GenericAlias

@@ -48,7 +51,12 @@ if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
         Mostly compatible with the python 3.8 `typing` module version
         and able to handle almost all use cases.
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(t, _GenericAlias):
+            res = t.__args__
+            if get_origin(t) is Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
+                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
+            return res
+        return ()
 else:
     from typing import get_args as _typing_get_args

@@ -59,7 +67,10 @@ else:
         In order to still support `Dict` for example and consider it as `Dict[Any, Any]`,
         we retrieve the `_nparams` value that tells us how many parameters it needs.
         """
-        pass
+        args = _typing_get_args(tp)
+        if not args and isinstance(tp, typing._GenericAlias) and hasattr(tp, '_nparams'):
+            return (Any,) * tp._nparams
+        return args

     def get_args(tp: Type[Any]) ->Tuple[Any, ...]:
         """Get type arguments with all substitutions performed.
@@ -72,7 +83,9 @@ else:
             get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]) == (int, Tuple[str, int])
             get_args(Callable[[], T][int]) == ([], int)
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(tp, WithArgsTypes):
+            return _generic_get_args(tp)
+        return _typing_get_args(tp)
 if sys.version_info < (3, 9):

     def convert_generics(tp: Type[Any]) ->Type[Any]:
@@ -82,7 +95,7 @@ if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
         Examples::
             typing.List['Hero'] == typing.List[ForwardRef('Hero')]
         """
-        pass
+        return tp
 else:
     from typing import _UnionGenericAlias
     from typing_extensions import _AnnotatedAlias
@@ -97,7 +110,13 @@ else:
             convert_generics(typing.Dict['Hero', 'Team']) == typing.Dict[ForwardRef('Hero'), ForwardRef('Team')]
             convert_generics(list[str | 'Hero'] | int) == list[str | ForwardRef('Hero')] | int
         """
-        pass
+        if isinstance(tp, str):
+            return ForwardRef(tp)
+        if isinstance(tp, (_UnionGenericAlias, TypesUnionType)):
+            return tp.__class__(*[convert_generics(a) for a in tp.__args__])
+        if isinstance(tp, (_AnnotatedAlias, TypingGenericAlias)):
+            return tp.__class__(tp.__origin__, *[convert_generics(a) for a in tp.__args__])
+        return tp
 if sys.version_info < (3, 10):
     WithArgsTypes = TypingGenericAlias,
 else:
@@ -147,7 +166,23 @@ def resolve_annotations(raw_annotations: Dict[str, Type[Any]], module_name:

     Resolve string or ForwardRef annotations into type objects if possible.
     """
-    pass
+    resolved_annotations = {}
+    for name, value in raw_annotations.items():
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            try:
+                value = ForwardRef(value)
+            except TypeError:
+                # TypeErrors can be raised when using Literal['string-literal']
+                # String literals as strings are not supported in 3.7
+                pass
+        if isinstance(value, ForwardRef):
+            try:
+                value = _eval_type(value, globals(), locals())
+            except NameError:
+                # Fall back to ForwardRef if the type cannot be evaluated
+                pass
+        resolved_annotations[name] = value
+    return resolved_annotations


 def all_literal_values(type_: Type[Any]) ->Tuple[Any, ...]:
@@ -156,7 +191,20 @@ def all_literal_values(type_: Type[Any]) ->Tuple[Any, ...]:
     Literal can be used recursively (see https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0586)
     e.g. `Literal[Literal[Literal[1, 2, 3], "foo"], 5, None]`
     """
-    pass
+    if hasattr(type_, '__values__'):
+        values = type_.__values__
+    elif hasattr(type_, '__args__'):
+        values = type_.__args__
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f'Cannot extract literal values from {type_}')
+
+    literal_values = []
+    for value in values:
+        if hasattr(value, '__values__') or hasattr(value, '__args__'):
+            literal_values.extend(all_literal_values(value))
+        else:
+            literal_values.append(value)
+    return tuple(literal_values)


 def is_namedtuple(type_: Type[Any]) ->bool:
@@ -164,7 +212,13 @@ def is_namedtuple(type_: Type[Any]) ->bool:
     Check if a given class is a named tuple.
     It can be either a `typing.NamedTuple` or `collections.namedtuple`
     """
-    pass
+    return (
+        isinstance(type_, type) and
+        issubclass(type_, tuple) and
+        hasattr(type_, '_fields') and
+        hasattr(type_, '_field_defaults') and
+        hasattr(type_, '_asdict')
+    )


 def is_typeddict(type_: Type[Any]) ->bool:
@@ -172,14 +226,14 @@ def is_typeddict(type_: Type[Any]) ->bool:
     Check if a given class is a typed dict (from `typing` or `typing_extensions`)
     In 3.10, there will be a public method (https://docs.python.org/3.10/library/typing.html#typing.is_typeddict)
     """
-    pass
+    return hasattr(type_, '__annotations__') and hasattr(type_, '__total__')


 def is_typeddict_special(type_: Any) ->bool:
     """
     Check if type is a TypedDict special form (Required or NotRequired).
     """
-    pass
+    return type_ in (TypedDictRequired, TypedDictNotRequired)


 test_type = NewType('test_type', str)
@@ -189,14 +243,14 @@ def is_new_type(type_: Type[Any]) ->bool:
     """
     Check whether type_ was created using typing.NewType
     """
-    pass
+    return hasattr(type_, '__supertype__')


 def _check_finalvar(v: Optional[Type[Any]]) ->bool:
     """
     Check if a given type is a `typing.Final` type.
     """
-    pass
+    return isinstance(v, Final) or (isinstance(v, type) and issubclass(v, Final))


 def update_field_forward_refs(field: 'ModelField', globalns: Any, localns: Any
@@ -204,7 +258,12 @@ def update_field_forward_refs(field: 'ModelField', globalns: Any, localns: Any
     """
     Try to update ForwardRefs on fields based on this ModelField, globalns and localns.
     """
-    pass
+    if field.type_.__class__ == ForwardRef:
+        field.type_ = field.type_._evaluate(globalns, localns)
+        field.prepare()
+    if field.sub_fields:
+        for sub_field in field.sub_fields:
+            update_field_forward_refs(sub_field, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)


 def update_model_forward_refs(model: Type[Any], fields: Iterable[
@@ -214,7 +273,25 @@ def update_model_forward_refs(model: Type[Any], fields: Iterable[
     """
     Try to update model fields ForwardRefs based on model and localns.
     """
-    pass
+    def _update_forward_refs(typ: Any) ->None:
+        try:
+            typ.update_forward_refs(**localns)
+        except exc_to_suppress:
+            pass
+
+    _update_forward_refs(model)
+    for field in fields:
+        try:
+            update_field_forward_refs(field, globalns=model.__module__, localns=localns)
+        except exc_to_suppress:
+            pass
+
+    for key, value in json_encoders.items():
+        if isinstance(key, ForwardRef):
+            try:
+                json_encoders[key._evaluate(model.__module__, localns)] = value
+            except exc_to_suppress:
+                continue


 def get_class(type_: Type[Any]) ->Union[None, bool, Type[Any]]:
@@ -222,7 +299,13 @@ def get_class(type_: Type[Any]) ->Union[None, bool, Type[Any]]:
     Tries to get the class of a Type[T] annotation. Returns True if Type is used
     without brackets. Otherwise returns None.
     """
-    pass
+    if type_ is Type:
+        return True
+    if hasattr(type_, '__origin__') and type_.__origin__ is Type:
+        if not type_.__args__:
+            return True
+        return type_.__args__[0]
+    return None


 def get_sub_types(tp: Any) ->List[Any]:
@@ -230,4 +313,9 @@ def get_sub_types(tp: Any) ->List[Any]:
     Return all the types that are allowed by type `tp`
     `tp` can be a `Union` of allowed types or an `Annotated` type
     """
-    pass
+    if is_union(tp):
+        return list(get_args(tp))
+    elif get_origin(tp) is Annotated:
+        return [get_args(tp)[0]]
+    else:
+        return [tp]
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/utils.py b/pydantic/v1/utils.py
index effb78d4..3efe0942 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/utils.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/utils.py
@@ -42,14 +42,26 @@ def import_string(dotted_path: str) ->Any:
     Stolen approximately from django. Import a dotted module path and return the attribute/class designated by the
     last name in the path. Raise ImportError if the import fails.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        module_path, class_name = dotted_path.rsplit('.', 1)
+    except ValueError as err:
+        raise ImportError("%s doesn't look like a module path" % dotted_path) from err
+
+    module = __import__(module_path, fromlist=[class_name])
+    try:
+        return getattr(module, class_name)
+    except AttributeError as err:
+        raise ImportError('Module "%s" does not define a "%s" attribute/class' % (module_path, class_name)) from err


 def truncate(v: Union[str], *, max_len: int=80) ->str:
     """
     Truncate a value and add a unicode ellipsis (three dots) to the end if it was too long
     """
-    pass
+    s = str(v)
+    if len(s) <= max_len:
+        return s
+    return s[:max_len - 1].rstrip() + '…'


 def validate_field_name(bases: List[Type['BaseModel']], field_name: str
@@ -57,14 +69,22 @@ def validate_field_name(bases: List[Type['BaseModel']], field_name: str
     """
     Ensure that the field's name does not shadow an existing attribute of the model.
     """
-    pass
+    for base in bases:
+        if getattr(base, field_name, None):
+            raise NameError(
+                f'Field name "{field_name}" shadows an attribute in parent "{base.__name__}"'
+            )


 def in_ipython() ->bool:
     """
     Check whether we're in an ipython environment, including jupyter notebooks.
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        from IPython import get_ipython
+        return get_ipython() is not None
+    except ImportError:
+        return False


 def is_valid_identifier(identifier: str) ->bool:
@@ -73,7 +93,7 @@ def is_valid_identifier(identifier: str) ->bool:
     :param identifier: The identifier to test.
     :return: True if the identifier is valid.
     """
-    pass
+    return identifier.isidentifier() and not keyword.iskeyword(identifier)


 KeyType = TypeVar('KeyType')
diff --git a/pydantic/v1/validators.py b/pydantic/v1/validators.py
index fd53f500..81cfd234 100644
--- a/pydantic/v1/validators.py
+++ b/pydantic/v1/validators.py
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ def constant_validator(v: 'Any', field: 'ModelField') ->'Any':
     of the field. This is to support the keyword of the same name in JSON
     Schema.
     """
-    pass
+    if v != field.default:
+        raise errors.ConstError(field=field)
+    return v


 def ip_v4_network_validator(v: Any) ->IPv4Network:
@@ -45,7 +47,10 @@ def ip_v4_network_validator(v: Any) ->IPv4Network:
     See more:
     https://docs.python.org/library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv4Network
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        return IPv4Network(v)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise errors.IPvAnyNetworkError()


 def ip_v6_network_validator(v: Any) ->IPv6Network:
@@ -55,7 +60,10 @@ def ip_v6_network_validator(v: Any) ->IPv6Network:
     See more:
     https://docs.python.org/library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv6Network
     """
-    pass
+    try:
+        return IPv6Network(v)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise errors.IPvAnyNetworkError()


 def callable_validator(v: Any) ->AnyCallable:
@@ -64,7 +72,9 @@ def callable_validator(v: Any) ->AnyCallable:

     Note: complete matching of argument type hints and return types is not performed
     """
-    pass
+    if not callable(v):
+        raise errors.CallableError(value=v)
+    return v


 T = TypeVar('T')
diff --git a/pydantic/validate_call_decorator.py b/pydantic/validate_call_decorator.py
index 5eb2596a..dd2486a3 100644
--- a/pydantic/validate_call_decorator.py
+++ b/pydantic/validate_call_decorator.py
@@ -26,4 +26,19 @@ def validate_call(func: (AnyCallableT | None)=None, /, *, config: (
     Returns:
         The decorated function.
     """
-    pass
+    def decorator(f: AnyCallableT) -> AnyCallableT:
+        @functools.wraps(f)
+        def wrapper(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+            validated_args, validated_kwargs = _validate_call.validate_arguments(
+                f, args, kwargs, config
+            )
+            result = f(*validated_args, **validated_kwargs)
+            if validate_return:
+                return _validate_call.validate_return(f, result, config)
+            return result
+        return _typing_extra.cast(AnyCallableT, wrapper)
+
+    if func is None:
+        return decorator
+    else:
+        return decorator(func)
diff --git a/pydantic/version.py b/pydantic/version.py
index d63da2ae..19419595 100644
--- a/pydantic/version.py
+++ b/pydantic/version.py
@@ -10,12 +10,21 @@ def version_short() ->str:

     It returns '2.1' if Pydantic version is '2.1.1'.
     """
-    pass
+    return '.'.join(VERSION.split('.')[:2])


 def version_info() ->str:
     """Return complete version information for Pydantic and its dependencies."""
-    pass
+    import sys
+    import platform
+    
+    info = [
+        f'pydantic version: {VERSION}',
+        f'python version: {platform.python_version()}',
+        f'platform: {platform.platform()}',
+        f'implementation: {platform.python_implementation()}',
+    ]
+    return '\n'.join(info)


 def parse_mypy_version(version: str) ->tuple[int, ...]:
@@ -30,4 +39,6 @@ def parse_mypy_version(version: str) ->tuple[int, ...]:
     Returns:
         A tuple of ints. e.g. (0, 930).
     """
-    pass
+    # Split the version string and take only the part before '+'
+    version_parts = version.split('+')[0].split('.')
+    return tuple(int(part) for part in version_parts)
diff --git a/pydantic/warnings.py b/pydantic/warnings.py
index 0d1b0a6a..cb5e9795 100644
--- a/pydantic/warnings.py
+++ b/pydantic/warnings.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class PydanticDeprecatedSince26(PydanticDeprecationWarning):
     """A specific `PydanticDeprecationWarning` subclass defining functionality deprecated since Pydantic 2.6."""

     def __init__(self, message: str, *args: object) ->None:
-        super().__init__(message, *args, since=(2, 0), expected_removal=(3, 0))
+        super().__init__(message, *args, since=(2, 6), expected_removal=(3, 0))


 class GenericBeforeBaseModelWarning(Warning):
diff --git a/tests/test_networks.py b/tests/test_networks.py
index dafa82c1..b3d15060 100644
--- a/tests/test_networks.py
+++ b/tests/test_networks.py
@@ -959,6 +959,46 @@ def test_email_validator_not_installed():
         validate_email('s@muelcolvin.com')


+@pytest.mark.skipif(not email_validator, reason='email_validator not installed')
+def test_validate_email():
+    assert validate_email('simple@example.com') == ('simple', 'simple@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('very.common@example.com') == ('very.common', 'very.common@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com') == ('disposable.style.email.with+symbol', 'disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('other.email-with-hyphen@example.com') == ('other.email-with-hyphen', 'other.email-with-hyphen@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('fully-qualified-domain@example.com') == ('fully-qualified-domain', 'fully-qualified-domain@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('user.name+tag+sorting@example.com') == ('user.name+tag+sorting', 'user.name+tag+sorting@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('x@example.com') == ('x', 'x@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('example-indeed@strange-example.com') == ('example-indeed', 'example-indeed@strange-example.com')
+    assert validate_email('example@s.example') == ('example', 'example@s.example')
+    assert validate_email('" "@example.org') == ('" "', '" "@example.org')
+    assert validate_email('"john..doe"@example.org') == ('"john..doe"', '"john..doe"@example.org')
+    assert validate_email('mailhost!username@example.org') == ('mailhost!username', 'mailhost!username@example.org')
+    assert validate_email('user%example.com@example.org') == ('user%example.com', 'user%example.com@example.org')
+    assert validate_email('user-@example.org') == ('user-', 'user-@example.org')
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not email_validator, reason='email_validator not installed')
+def test_validate_email_with_name():
+    assert validate_email('John Doe <johndoe@example.com>') == ('John Doe', 'johndoe@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('"John Doe" <johndoe@example.com>') == ('John Doe', 'johndoe@example.com')
+    assert validate_email('John "Johnny" Doe <johndoe@example.com>') == ('John "Johnny" Doe', 'johndoe@example.com')
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not email_validator, reason='email_validator not installed')
+def test_validate_email_errors():
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError, match='value is not a valid email address: The email address contains invalid characters before the @-sign'):
+        validate_email('Abc.example.com')
+    
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError, match='value is not a valid email address: An email address must have an @-sign'):
+        validate_email('A@b@c@example.com')
+    
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError, match='value is not a valid email address: The part after the @-sign is not valid'):
+        validate_email('a"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\k]l@example.com')
+    
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError, match='value is not a valid email address: There must be something before the @-sign'):
+        validate_email('@example.com')
+    
+    with pytest.raises(PydanticCustomError, match='Email address is too long'):
+        validate_email('a' * 2000 + '@example.com')
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not email_validator, reason='email_validator not installed')
 def test_name_email():
     class Model(BaseModel):